[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2988},["ShallowReactive",2],{"docs-nav-de":3,"docs-nav-en":811,"docs-page-\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fdata-model\u002Fnetworks-and-heat-sources-data-model":1608},[4],{"title":5,"path":6,"stem":7,"children":8,"page":53},"De","\u002Fde","de",[9],{"title":10,"path":11,"stem":12,"children":13,"description":15},"Willkommen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs","de\u002Fdocs\u002F1.index",[14,16,54,397,806],{"title":10,"path":11,"stem":12,"description":15},"Das Benutzerhandbuch für TESSA, die Webanwendung von Planeto zur Auslegung von Heiz- und Kühlsystemen, vom einzelnen Gebäude bis zum Quartiernetz.",{"title":17,"description":18,"icon":19,"path":20,"stem":21,"children":22,"page":53},"Erste Schritte",null,"i-lucide-rocket","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started","de\u002Fdocs\u002F2.getting-started",[23,28,33,38,43,48],{"title":24,"path":25,"stem":26,"description":27},"Einstieg","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fstart-here","de\u002Fdocs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F1.start-here","Wo Sie in TESSA beginnen, abhängig davon, wie Ihr Konto eingerichtet wurde.",{"title":29,"path":30,"stem":31,"description":32},"Orientierung in der App","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Ffind-your-way-around","de\u002Fdocs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F2.find-your-way-around","Die Seiten von TESSA, wofür sie gedacht sind und wie Sie zwischen ihnen wechseln.",{"title":34,"path":35,"stem":36,"description":37},"Projekte und Szenarien","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios","de\u002Fdocs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F3.projects-and-scenarios","Wie TESSA Ihre Arbeit organisiert und welche Einstellungen auf welcher Ebene liegen.",{"title":39,"path":40,"stem":41,"description":42},"Gebäude einlesen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fget-your-buildings-in","de\u002Fdocs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F4.get-your-buildings-in","Die Möglichkeiten, Gebäude in ein Szenario zu bringen.",{"title":44,"path":45,"stem":46,"description":47},"Arbeiten im Design","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fworking-in-design","de\u002Fdocs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F5.working-in-design","Wie Werkzeuge, der Objektbaum und die Kartenbearbeitung beim Aufbau eines Entwurfs zusammenspielen.",{"title":49,"path":50,"stem":51,"description":52},"Hilfe erhalten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fgetting-help","de\u002Fdocs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F6.getting-help","Wo Sie Antworten finden und wie Sie dem Support schreiben, damit wir schnell helfen können.",false,{"title":55,"description":18,"icon":56,"path":57,"stem":58,"children":59,"page":53},"Benutzerhandbuch","i-lucide-book-open","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide",[60,99,129,153,158,178,233,248,313,338,363,382],{"title":34,"description":18,"path":61,"stem":62,"children":63,"page":53},"\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios",[64,69,74,79,84,89,94],{"title":65,"path":66,"stem":67,"description":68},"Eine Studie organisieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Forganise-a-study","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F1.organise-a-study","Wie TESSA Studien zu Fernwärme und Fernkälte in Projekte, vergleichbare Szenarien und gestaffelte Bereitstellungspläne gliedert und wie Zugriff und Freigabe funktionieren.",{"title":70,"path":71,"stem":72,"description":73},"Projekte verwalten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fmanage-projects","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F2.manage-projects","Ein Projekt ist ein Arbeitsbereich, der alle Szenarien für einen einzelnen Standort oder ein Untersuchungsgebiet gruppiert. Es gehört zu einer Organisation und enthält Einstellungen, die für jedes darin enthaltene Szenario gelten — Währung, geografische Region und die für die Leitungsführung verwendeten Strassennetzdaten.",{"title":75,"path":76,"stem":77,"description":78},"Szenarien verwalten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fmanage-scenarios","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F3.manage-scenarios","Ein Szenario ist ein in sich geschlossener Entwurf innerhalb eines Projekts. Es besitzt eigene Quartiere, thermische Netze, Ebenen, Finanzparameter und Berichte. Änderungen an einem Szenario wirken sich nie auf ein anderes Szenario aus.",{"title":80,"path":81,"stem":82,"description":83},"Ein Szenario navigieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fnavigate-a-scenario","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F4.navigate-a-scenario","Öffnen Sie ein Szenario und wechseln Sie zwischen den Bereichen Design, Finanzen und Bericht.",{"title":85,"path":86,"stem":87,"description":88},"Bereitstellungspläne","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fphasing-plans","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F5.phasing-plans","Ein Bereitstellungsplan (auch Bereitstellungsplan genannt) verbindet mehrere Szenarien zu einer geordneten Zeitachse. Verwenden Sie ihn, wenn ein Quartier über viele Jahre in Phasen ausgebaut wird – zum Beispiel wird im Jahr 1 das Stadtzentrum angeschlossen, im Jahr 5 das Industriegebiet ergänzt und im Jahr 10 werden ältere Gebäude saniert – und Sie ein einziges Finanzbild über mehrere Jahrzehnte benötigen, anstatt jedes Szenario für sich zu betrachten.",{"title":90,"path":91,"stem":92,"description":93},"Mitglieder und Rollen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fshare-and-permissions","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F6.share-and-permissions","Wer in einer Organisation was tun darf, wie Sie Mitglieder hinzufügen und wie die Nutzung gezählt wird.",{"title":95,"path":96,"stem":97,"description":98},"Szenarien importieren und exportieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fimport-export-scenarios","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F7.import-export-scenarios","Beim Export eines Szenarios wird eine Datei erzeugt, die Sie archivieren, mit einem Kollegen teilen oder in ein anderes Projekt oder eine andere Organisation importieren können.",{"title":100,"description":18,"path":101,"stem":102,"children":103,"page":53},"App und Navigation","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation",[104,109,114,119,124],{"title":105,"path":106,"stem":107,"description":108},"Kartensteuerung","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Fmap-controls","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F1.map-controls","Die Karte ist der zentrale Arbeitsbereich in der Ansicht Design. Die meisten Objekte — Gebäude, Leitungen, Energiezentralen, Übergabestationen, Ebenen — werden direkt auf der Karte erstellt, positioniert und ausgewählt.",{"title":110,"path":111,"stem":112,"description":113},"Geometrie auf der Karte bearbeiten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Fmap-editing","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F2.map-editing","Jedes geometrische Objekt in TESSA – Gebäude, Leitungen, Übergabestationen, Anschlusspunkte, Energiezentralen, Ebene – kann von Hand auf der Karte erstellt, verschoben, umgeformt und gelöscht werden. Dieselbe Bearbeitungsleiste erledigt all das; welche Werkzeuge sie anbietet, hängt davon ab, was Sie ausgewählt haben.",{"title":115,"path":116,"stem":117,"description":118},"Der Objektbaum","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Fobject-tree","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F3.object-tree","Der Objektbaum in der linken Seitenleiste der Design-Ansicht zeigt die hierarchische Struktur aller Elemente in Ihrem Szenario. Er ist das primäre Navigationswerkzeug zum Auffinden und Verwalten von Objekten.",{"title":120,"path":121,"stem":122,"description":123},"Tastenkürzel und Power-User-Tipps","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Fkeyboard-and-tips","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F4.keyboard-and-tips","",{"title":125,"path":126,"stem":127,"description":128},"Anmeldung und Zugang","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Flogin-and-access","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F5.login-and-access","TESSA meldet Sie über OAuth an, das von Planeto bereitgestellt oder mit der Identität Ihrer Organisation verknüpft ist. Die meisten Anmeldeprobleme\nrühren von der Browser-Sitzung oder davon her, dass Sie mit dem falschen\nKonto angemeldet sind, und lassen sich mit den folgenden Schritten in der Regel selbst beheben.",{"title":130,"description":18,"path":131,"stem":132,"children":133,"page":53},"Interoperabilität","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability",[134,138,143,148],{"title":135,"path":136,"stem":137,"description":123},"Unterstützte Dateiformate","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability\u002Ffile-formats","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability\u002F1.file-formats",{"title":139,"path":140,"stem":141,"description":142},"Einen KI-Assistenten verbinden (MCP)","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability\u002Fai-assistant-mcp","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability\u002F2.ai-assistant-mcp","TESSA stellt seine Rechenwerkzeuge über das Model Context Protocol (MCP) bereit. Dadurch können Sie TESSA über einen KI-Assistenten wie Claude, ChatGPT oder Mistral steuern — indem Sie in natürlicher Sprache darum bitten, Quartiere zu erstellen, Netzverläufe zu erzeugen, Leitungen zu dimensionieren, Simulationen auszuführen und mehr. Der Assistent ruft dieselben Werkzeuge auf, die auch die TESSA-Web-App verwendet, führt sie gegen Ihr eigenes Konto und Ihre Projekte aus und meldet die Ergebnisse im Gespräch zurück.",{"title":144,"path":145,"stem":146,"description":147},"Google-Maps-Geokodierung: Vorbehalte","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability\u002Fgoogle-maps","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability\u002F3.google-maps","Wenn Ihre Gebäudedaten Adressen enthalten, die mit der Google Maps API geokodiert wurden – also Strassenadressen in Breiten-\u002FLängengrad-Koordinaten umgewandelt wurden – können beim Export aus TESSA Einschränkungen auftreten.",{"title":149,"path":150,"stem":151,"description":152},"Austausch mit QGIS","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability\u002Fqgis-handoff","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability\u002F4.qgis-handoff","QGIS und TESSA ergänzen sich: TESSA übernimmt Energiemodellierung und Simulation; QGIS übernimmt fortgeschrittene GIS-Analysen, Umprojektion, Datenbereinigung und Kartenerstellung. Diese Seite beschreibt die gängigen Übergabemuster.",{"title":154,"path":155,"stem":156,"description":157},"FAQ","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Ffaq","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F12.faq","Antworten auf häufige Fragen zur Auslegung von Fernwärme- und Fernkältenetzen in TESSA, mit Themen wie Eingabedaten, Leitungsdimensionierung, Hydraulik, Kosten und Kühlung.",{"title":159,"description":18,"path":160,"stem":161,"children":162,"page":53},"Untersuchungsgebiet","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fstudy-area","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F2.study-area",[163,168,173],{"title":164,"path":165,"stem":166,"description":167},"Ebenen auf der Karte zeichnen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fstudy-area\u002Fdraw-layers","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F2.study-area\u002F1.draw-layers","Ebenen sind Polygon-, Linien- oder Punktgeometrien, die in Ihrem Szenario gespeichert sind. Sie werden verwendet, um Untersuchungsgebiete zu definieren, Quartiere zu erstellen, Ausschlusszonen zu markieren und benutzerdefinierte Geometrie zur Referenz zu speichern.",{"title":169,"path":170,"stem":171,"description":172},"GeoJSON, KML oder GPKG importieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fstudy-area\u002Fimport-geojson","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F2.study-area\u002F2.import-geojson","Für komplexe oder bereits vorhandene Geometrien, die Sie nicht von Hand neu zeichnen möchten, kann TESSA Ebenen aus gängigen GIS-Dateiformaten importieren.",{"title":174,"path":175,"stem":176,"description":177},"Ausschlusszonen definieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fstudy-area\u002Fexclusion-zones","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F2.study-area\u002F3.exclusion-zones","Ausschlusszonen sind Polygonflächen, die die automatischen Leitungstrassierungs-Algorithmen meiden müssen. Typische Anwendungen sind Parks, Schutzgebiete, Bahnkorridore, Flüsse oder Privatgrundstücke, auf denen keine Grabungsarbeiten erlaubt sind.",{"title":179,"description":18,"path":180,"stem":181,"children":182,"page":53},"Gebäude und Bedarf","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand",[183,188,193,198,203,208,213,218,223,228],{"title":184,"path":185,"stem":186,"description":187},"Ein Quartier erstellen – Überblick über den Arbeitsablauf","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fcreate-district-workflow","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F1.create-district-workflow","Dies ist der übergeordnete Weg von den Rohdaten zu einem vollständig befüllten Quartier, das für die Netzplanung bereit ist.",{"title":189,"path":190,"stem":191,"description":192},"Annahmen zu künftigem Klima und Sanierung anwenden","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Ffuture-and-retrofit","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F10.future-and-retrofit","Mit dem Werkzeug Apply Future Demand Scenario können Sie ein Quartier so modellieren, wie es in einem künftigen Jahr aussehen könnte — unter Berücksichtigung sowohl des Klimawandels als auch von Sanierungen der Gebäudehülle. Dies wird verwendet, um die Netzdimensionierung zu belastungstesten und die langfristige Entwicklung des Wärmebedarfs zu verstehen.",{"title":194,"path":195,"stem":196,"description":197},"Gebäude aus einer Region laden","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fload-from-region","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F2.load-from-region","In unterstützten Regionen kann TESSA Gebäudedaten automatisch aus einer vorgeladenen Datenbank abrufen. Sie zeichnen ein Polygon auf der Karte, und TESSA fragt alle darin liegenden Gebäude ab und befüllt das Quartier mit Geometrie, Attributen und Schätzungen des Energiebedarfs.",{"title":199,"path":200,"stem":201,"description":202},"Gebäudetabelle hochladen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fupload-buildings-table","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F3.upload-buildings-table","Wenn Sie externe Gebäudedaten haben — aus einem kommunalen Kataster, einer Kundentabelle, einem GIS-Export oder einer Energieerhebung —, können Sie diese direkt in TESSA hochladen. Dabei wird ein neues Quartier erstellt (oder ein bestehendes aktualisiert), das mit Ihren Gebäuden, Koordinaten, Attributen und Energiebedarfswerten befüllt ist.",{"title":204,"path":205,"stem":206,"description":207},"OpenStreetMap-Gebäudedaten verwenden","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fuse-osm-data","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F4.use-osm-data","Für Standorte ausserhalb der Schweiz – oder überall dort, wo Sie frei verfügbare globale Daten nutzen möchten – kann TESSA OpenStreetMap-Gebäudegrundrisse (OSM) als Ausgangspunkt für ein Quartier verwenden.",{"title":209,"path":210,"stem":211,"description":212},"Gebäude auf der Karte hinzufügen oder bearbeiten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fedit-buildings-on-map","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F5.edit-buildings-on-map","Sie können einzelne Gebäudedatensätze direkt auf der Karte prüfen und bearbeiten. Das ist nützlich, um falsch klassifizierte Gebäude zu korrigieren, modellgeschätzte Werte durch Messdaten zu überschreiben oder ein Gebäude zu entfernen, das nicht an das Netz angeschlossen werden soll.",{"title":214,"path":215,"stem":216,"description":217},"Gebäude von Hand erstellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fcreate-buildings-by-hand","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F6.create-buildings-by-hand","Wenn kein Gebäuderegister Ihren Standort abdeckt — eine Neubauüberbauung auf der grünen Wiese, ein\nLand ohne konfigurierte Datenquelle oder eine Handvoll Gebäude, die Sie isoliert\nuntersuchen —, können Sie Gebäude selbst auf der Karte platzieren und ihre Daten im\nGebäudeinspektor eingeben.",{"title":219,"path":220,"stem":221,"description":222},"Filtern, clustern und aktive Anschlüsse festlegen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Ffilter-and-cluster","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F7.filter-and-cluster","Nach dem Laden von Gebäudedaten müssen Sie das Quartier oft verfeinern: Gebäude entfernen, die ausserhalb des Betrachtungsbereichs liegen, nahegelegene Gebäude zu Teilquartieren gruppieren oder entscheiden, welche Gebäude an das Netz angeschlossen werden sollen.",{"title":224,"path":225,"stem":226,"description":227},"Mit Gebäudelastkurven arbeiten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fload-curves","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F8.load-curves","Eine Lastkurve ist eine Zeitreihe über 8760 Stunden des Wärme- und Kälteleistungsbedarfs (kW) für das Quartier. Sie wird für die hydraulische Leitungsdimensionierung und Simulation sowie für die genaue finanzielle Modellierung von Spitzen- gegenüber Grundlasten benötigt.",{"title":229,"path":230,"stem":231,"description":232},"Kurve für ein einzelnes Gebäude hochladen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fbuilding-load-curve-upload","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F9.building-load-curve-upload","Wenn Sie gemessene oder separat simulierte Stundendaten für ein einzelnes\nGebäude haben — ein Spital, eine Fabrik, den einen grossen Verbraucher, der das\nganze Vorhaben trägt —, können Sie diese Kurve direkt dem Gebäude zuweisen, statt\nsie von einem Bedarfsmodell schätzen zu lassen.",{"title":234,"description":18,"path":235,"stem":236,"children":237,"page":53},"Klima","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fclimate","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F4.climate",[238,243],{"title":239,"path":240,"stem":241,"description":242},"Klimadaten laden","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fclimate\u002Fload-climate-data","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F4.climate\u002F1.load-climate-data","Klimadaten liefern die stündliche Wetterzeitreihe — Aussentemperatur, Solarstrahlung, Windgeschwindigkeit und Luftfeuchtigkeit —, die die Bedarfsmodelle von TESSA zur Berechnung von Wärme- und Kältelasten verwenden. Für jedes Quartier müssen Klimadaten geladen werden, bevor der Bedarf berechnet werden kann.",{"title":244,"path":245,"stem":246,"description":247},"Zukünftige Klimaszenarien anwenden","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fclimate\u002Ffuture-climate","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F4.climate\u002F2.future-climate","TESSA unterstützt zwei Wege, zukünftige Klimaprojektionen anzuwenden, je nachdem, was Sie analysieren möchten:",{"title":249,"description":18,"path":250,"stem":251,"children":252,"page":53},"Netzplanung","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design",[253,258,263,268,273,278,283,288,293,298,303,308],{"title":254,"path":255,"stem":256,"description":257},"Ein thermisches Netz erstellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fcreate-network","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F1.create-network","Ein thermisches Netz ist der Container für das gesamte Wärme- (oder Kälte-)Verteilsystem: Leitungen, Übergabestationen, Energiezentralen, Wärmequellen, Pumpen sowie Fluid- und Finanzeinstellungen. Sie erstellen es im Objektbaum des Szenarios, bevor Sie eine Leitungsgeometrie hinzufügen.",{"title":259,"path":260,"stem":261,"description":262},"Übergabestationen und Anschlusspunkte","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fsubstations","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F10.substations","Eine Gebäude-Unterstationen ist ein Netzknoten, der die Wärmeübergabeeinheit an jedem Gebäude repräsentiert — den Plattenwärmetauscher oder Direktanschluss, an dem die Fernwärme an das interne System des Gebäudes übergeben wird. Ein Anschlusspunkt ist ein Knoten an der Hauptleitung, an dem eine Abzweigung anschliesst.",{"title":264,"path":265,"stem":266,"description":267},"Netzverlauf optimieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Foptimise-layout","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F11.optimise-layout","Das Werkzeug Optimise Layout führt eine Neutrassierung des Leitungsnetzes durch, um eine Kostenzielgrösse zu minimieren – typischerweise die gesamten Material- und Verlegekosten der Leitungen – unter denselben Randbedingungen für die Strassenführung und die Ausschlusszonen wie beim ursprünglichen Netzverlauf.",{"title":269,"path":270,"stem":271,"description":272},"Netzbetrieb simulieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fsimulate","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F12.simulate","Das Werkzeug Netzwerkbetrieb simulieren führt eine vollständige, jahreslange Betriebssimulation des Wärmeverteilnetzes durch. Es berechnet Wärmeflüsse, Leitungsverluste, Drücke, Pumpenenergie, Brennstoffverbrauch und Kosten für jede Stunde des Jahres.",{"title":274,"path":275,"stem":276,"description":277},"Energiezentralen und thermische Quellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fenergy-centers-and-sources","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F2.energy-centers-and-sources","Eine Energiezentrale ist der Ort, an dem Wärme erzeugt und ins Netz eingespeist wird. Eine Wärmequelle ist eine darin untergebrachte Erzeugungsanlage — ein Heizkessel, eine Wärmepumpe oder ein anderes Gerät. Quellen befinden sich immer in einer Energiezentrale; Sie können mehrere Quellen pro Zentrale und mehrere Zentralen pro Netz haben.",{"title":279,"path":280,"stem":281,"description":282},"Mehrere Quellen und Allokationsstrategien","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fsource-allocation","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F3.source-allocation","Wenn eine Energiezentrale mehr als eine thermische Quelle hat, muss TESSA wissen, welche Quelle zuerst zugeschaltet wird. Die Einsatzstrategie (auch Lastzuteilung genannt) steuert dies.",{"title":284,"path":285,"stem":286,"description":287},"Pumpen hinzufügen und dimensionieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fpumps","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F4.pumps","Jede Energiezentrale benötigt mindestens eine Umwälzpumpe, um das Trägerfluid im Netz zu bewegen. TESSA berechnet die erforderliche Förderhöhe aus der simulierten Hydraulik — Sie geben Wirkungsgrad und Stromkosten an, das Werkzeug leitet alles Übrige ab.",{"title":289,"path":290,"stem":291,"description":292},"Netzverlauf automatisch generieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fauto-generate-layout","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F5.auto-generate-layout","Das Werkzeug Netzwerklayout generieren berechnet die Leitungsführung, die alle Gebäude mit der Energiezentrale verbindet — entlang des Strassennetzes und unter Berücksichtigung der von Ihnen definierten Ausschlusszonen. Es ist der schnellste Weg zu einem vollständigen Netzverlauf für ein neues Netz.",{"title":294,"path":295,"stem":296,"description":297},"Ein bestehendes Netz erweitern","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fextend-network","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F6.extend-network","Das Werkzeug Netzlayout erweitern fügt neue Gebäudeanschlüsse zu einem bestehenden Netz hinzu, ohne den gesamten Leitungsverlauf neu zu erzeugen. Verwenden Sie es anstelle eines erneuten Generate Layout, wann immer Sie:",{"title":299,"path":300,"stem":301,"description":302},"Leitungen von Hand zeichnen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fdraw-pipes-manually","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F7.draw-pipes-manually","Wenn der automatisch generierte Verlauf nicht zur geplanten Trasse passt — zum Beispiel bei einem Netz, das einem bestimmten Leitungsrechtskorridor folgen, privates Land auf einer bekannten Linienführung queren oder einem bestehenden Graben folgen muss —, können Sie Leitungsabschnitte direkt auf der Karte zeichnen.",{"title":304,"path":305,"stem":306,"description":307},"Ein bestehendes Netz importieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fimport-existing-network","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F8.import-existing-network","Wenn Sie Leitungstrassen in einer GIS-Datei definiert haben — zum Beispiel ein bestehendes Netz aus dem Anlagensystem eines Versorgers oder ein in QGIS gezeichnetes Netz —, können Sie es in TESSA importieren, statt es von Hand neu zu zeichnen.",{"title":309,"path":310,"stem":311,"description":312},"Leitungen dimensionieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fdimension-pipes","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F9.dimension-pipes","Das Werkzeug Rohre dimensionieren berechnet für jede Leitung im Netz die ISO-DN-Grössen anhand der Spitzenlast der angeschlossenen Gebäude. Es ist ein erforderlicher Schritt vor der Simulation.",{"title":314,"description":18,"path":315,"stem":316,"children":317,"page":53},"Geothermie","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal",[318,323,328,333],{"title":319,"path":320,"stem":321,"description":322},"Erdsondenfeld erstellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal\u002Fcreate-borehole-field","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal\u002F1.create-borehole-field","Ein Bohrlochfeld ist eine geothermische Wärmequelle — eine Anordnung von Erdwärmesonden, die dem Erdreich thermische Energie für eine Sole-Wasser-Wärmepumpe entziehen. In TESSA ist das Erdsondenfeld ein Unterobjekt der Energiezentrale, die die Wärmepumpe enthält.",{"title":324,"path":325,"stem":326,"description":327},"Ein Erdsondenfeld dimensionieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal\u002Fdimension-borehole-field","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal\u002F2.dimension-borehole-field","Das Tool Erdsondenfeld dimensionieren berechnet die Bohrtiefe oder Anzahl der Sonden, die nötig sind, um die Wärmeentzugslast über die Lebensdauer des Systems zu decken und dabei akzeptable Untergrundtemperaturen einzuhalten. Es verwendet die simulierte Lastkurve des Netzes und die thermischen Eigenschaften des Schweizer Untergrunds.",{"title":329,"path":330,"stem":331,"description":332},"Sondenregeneration optimieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal\u002Foptimise-regeneration","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal\u002F3.optimise-regeneration","Erdsondenfelder entziehen im Winter mehr Wärme, als sie über den Sommer auf natürliche Weise zurückgewinnen können, was über die Lebensdauer des Systems zu einer fortschreitenden Abkühlung des Erdreichs führt. Die thermische Regeneration wirkt dem entgegen, indem sie Wärme in das Erdreich einspeist (typischerweise über solarthermische Kollektoren oder Abwärme), um die thermische Bilanz wiederherzustellen. Ein gut ausgeglichenes Feld benötigt weniger Bohrlänge und behält eine stabile Effizienz.",{"title":334,"path":335,"stem":336,"description":337},"Booster-Wärmepumpen für Anergienetze","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal\u002Fbooster-heat-pumps","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal\u002F4.booster-heat-pumps","In einem Anergienetz der 5. Generation führen die Verteilleitungen ein Fluid nahe der Erdreichtemperatur (typischerweise 10–20 °C). Jedes Gebäude entzieht diesem Niedertemperaturkreis mit seiner eigenen Booster-Wärmepumpe Wärme, die die Temperatur auf das für Raumheizung und Warmwasser erforderliche Niveau anhebt (55–70 °C).",{"title":339,"description":18,"path":340,"stem":341,"children":342,"page":53},"Kosten und Finanzen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials",[343,348,353,358],{"title":344,"path":345,"stem":346,"description":347},"Kosten konfigurieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials\u002Fconfigure-costs","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials\u002F1.configure-costs","In der Ansicht Finanzen legen Sie die Investitions- und Betriebskostenparameter fest, die in den Finanzbericht einfliessen. Die meisten Kostenparameter liegen an den Objekten der thermischen Quellen (siehe Energiezentralen und Quellen), während die Kosten des Leitungsnetzes am Netz konfiguriert werden (siehe unten). Der Diskontsatz wird einmal pro Szenario in den Finanzparametern des Szenarios festgelegt – siehe Szenarien verwalten.",{"title":349,"path":350,"stem":351,"description":352},"Kostentabellen von Lieferanten hochladen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials\u002Fupload-cost-tables","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials\u002F2.upload-cost-tables","Wenn Sie projektspezifische Rohrkostendaten haben — aus einer Unternehmerofferte, einer regionalen Preisliste oder kommunalen Vorgaben —, können Sie eine eigene Kostentabelle hochladen, die die integrierten Referenzdatenbanken von TESSA ersetzt.",{"title":354,"path":355,"stem":356,"description":357},"Erlöse und Tarife","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials\u002Frevenues-and-tariffs","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials\u002F3.revenues-and-tariffs","Ein Fernwärmenetz erzielt Erlöse über drei Mechanismen: Wärmeverkauf (energiebasiert), Leistungsgebühren (leistungsbasiert) und einmalige Anschlussgebühren. TESSA modelliert alle drei sowie eine Anschlussraten-Rampe, um die schrittweise Anbindung von Gebäuden abzubilden.",{"title":359,"path":360,"stem":361,"description":362},"Den Finanzbericht lesen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials\u002Fread-financial-report","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials\u002F4.read-financial-report","Die Ansicht Finanzen zeigt die vollständige Finanzanalyse Ihres Fernwärmeszenarios: Investitionsaufschlüsselung, Wärmegestehungskosten, jährliche Erlöse und Kosten, Cashflow über die Netzlebensdauer, NPV und IRR. Öffnen Sie sie über das Modus-Dropdown in der Mitte der App-Leiste (Geldsymbol).",{"title":364,"description":18,"path":365,"stem":366,"children":367,"page":53},"Berichte und Exporte","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Freports-and-exports","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F8.reports-and-exports",[368,373,378],{"title":369,"path":370,"stem":371,"description":372},"Berichtsübersicht","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Freports-and-exports\u002Freport-tab-overview","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F8.reports-and-exports\u002F1.report-tab-overview","Die Seite Bericht bietet eine strukturierte Zusammenfassung der Simulationsergebnisse zu Gebäuden, Quartierenergie und Netzleistung. Sie ist das wichtigste Ergebnis für technische Berichte und Kundenpräsentationen.",{"title":374,"path":375,"stem":376,"description":377},"Ergebnisse exportieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Freports-and-exports\u002Fexport-results","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F8.reports-and-exports\u002F2.export-results","TESSA bietet mehrere Exportoptionen, um Simulationsergebnisse aus der Plattform herauszuholen – nach Excel, in GIS-Werkzeuge oder zur Weitergabe an Beteiligte.",{"title":379,"path":380,"stem":381,"description":123},"Einen Bericht teilen und drucken","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Freports-and-exports\u002Fshare-and-print","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F8.reports-and-exports\u002F3.share-and-print",{"title":383,"description":18,"path":384,"stem":385,"children":386,"page":53},"Vergleichen und Iterieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcomparing-and-iterating","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F9.comparing-and-iterating",[387,392],{"title":388,"path":389,"stem":390,"description":391},"Szenarien vergleichen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcomparing-and-iterating\u002Fcompare-scenarios","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F9.comparing-and-iterating\u002F1.compare-scenarios","Die Ansicht Szenarien vergleichen zeigt wichtige Kennzahlen von zwei oder mehr Szenarien nebeneinander an. Nutzen Sie sie, um Auslegungsvarianten zu bewerten, Sensitivitäten zu testen oder die Argumentation für eine bevorzugte Option aufzubauen.",{"title":393,"path":394,"stem":395,"description":396},"Szenarien für Variantenstudien duplizieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcomparing-and-iterating\u002Fduplicate-and-iterate","de\u002Fdocs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F9.comparing-and-iterating\u002F2.duplicate-and-iterate","Beim Duplizieren eines Szenarios wird eine vollständige, unabhängige Kopie erstellt — alle Quartiere, Gebäude, Netze, Ebenen und Finanzparameter werden kopiert. Das Duplikat beginnt am selben Punkt wie das Original, sodass Sie Änderungen vornehmen können, ohne die Quelle zu beeinflussen.",{"title":398,"path":399,"stem":400,"children":401,"description":18,"icon":805},"Referenz","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F1.index",[402,404,614,671,800],{"title":398,"path":399,"stem":400,"description":403},"Schlagen Sie jedes TESSA-Tool nach, die Methoden hinter seinen Ergebnissen sowie jedes Datenfeld und Dateiformat.",{"title":405,"path":406,"stem":407,"children":408,"description":18},"Werkzeuge","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F1.index",[409,412,469,486,493,545,568,605],{"title":410,"path":406,"stem":407,"description":411},"Tools-Referenz","Jede Seite in diesem Abschnitt dokumentiert ein Tool, das Sie im Menü Werkzeuge in TESSA ausführen können. Nutzen Sie sie als schnelles Nachschlagewerk, wenn Sie das gewünschte Tool bereits kennen, oder als Verzeichnis, um das richtige Tool für Ihren aktuellen Schritt zu finden.",{"title":413,"description":18,"path":414,"stem":415,"children":416,"page":53},"Quartier und Gebäude","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings",[417,421,425,429,433,437,441,445,449,453,457,461,465],{"title":418,"path":419,"stem":420,"description":123},"Quartier aus Region erstellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fcreate-district-from-region","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F1.create-district-from-region",{"title":422,"path":423,"stem":424,"description":123},"Aktive Gebäudeverbindungen festlegen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fset-active-building-connections","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F10.set-active-building-connections",{"title":426,"path":427,"stem":428,"description":123},"Gebäude-Wärmequelle festlegen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fset-building-heat-source","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F11.set-building-heat-source",{"title":430,"path":431,"stem":432,"description":123},"Zukünftigen Bedarf simulieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fapply-future-demand-scenario","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F12.apply-future-demand-scenario",{"title":434,"path":435,"stem":436,"description":123},"Jahresbedarfe simulieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fgenerate-building-demands","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F13.generate-building-demands",{"title":438,"path":439,"stem":440,"description":123},"Gebäudelastgänge simulieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fgenerate-load-curves","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F14.generate-load-curves",{"title":442,"path":443,"stem":444,"description":123},"Quartier aus Gebäuden erstellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fcreate-district-from-buildings","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F2.create-district-from-buildings",{"title":446,"path":447,"stem":448,"description":123},"Gebäude extrahieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fextract-buildings","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F3.extract-buildings",{"title":450,"path":451,"stem":452,"description":123},"Gebäude filtern","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Ffilter-buildings","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F4.filter-buildings",{"title":454,"path":455,"stem":456,"description":123},"Quartiere filtern","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Ffilter-districts","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F5.filter-districts",{"title":458,"path":459,"stem":460,"description":123},"Gebäude clustern","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fcluster-buildings","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F6.cluster-buildings",{"title":462,"path":463,"stem":464,"description":123},"Quartiere zusammenführen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fmerge-districts","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F7.merge-districts",{"title":466,"path":467,"stem":468,"description":123},"Quartierdaten aktualisieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Frefresh-district-buildings","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F9.refresh-district-buildings",{"title":470,"description":18,"path":471,"stem":472,"children":473,"page":53},"Ebenen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Flayers","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F3.layers",[474,478,482],{"title":475,"path":476,"stem":477,"description":123},"Feature-Ebenen kombinieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Flayers\u002Fcombine-feature-layers","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F3.layers\u002F1.combine-feature-layers",{"title":479,"path":480,"stem":481,"description":123},"Gebäudeauswahlen kombinieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Flayers\u002Fcombine-building-layers","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F3.layers\u002F2.combine-building-layers",{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485,"description":123},"Ebeneneigenschaften umbenennen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Flayers\u002Fremap-layer-properties","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F3.layers\u002F3.remap-layer-properties",{"title":234,"description":18,"path":487,"stem":488,"children":489,"page":53},"\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fclimate","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F4.climate",[490],{"title":239,"path":491,"stem":492,"description":123},"\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fclimate\u002Fload-climate-data","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F4.climate\u002F1.load-climate-data",{"title":494,"description":18,"path":495,"stem":496,"children":497,"page":53},"Netzverlauf und Topologie","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology",[498,502,506,510,514,518,522,525,529,533,537,541],{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501,"description":123},"MST-Layout erstellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fcreate-mst-layout","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F1.create-mst-layout",{"title":503,"path":504,"stem":505,"description":123},"Energiezentralen platzieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Flocate-energy-centers","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F10.locate-energy-centers",{"title":507,"path":508,"stem":509,"description":123},"Energiezentralen anschliessen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fconnect-energy-centers","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F11.connect-energy-centers",{"title":511,"path":512,"stem":513,"description":123},"Gebäude für das Netz auswählen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fselect-buildings-for-network","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F12.select-buildings-for-network",{"title":515,"path":516,"stem":517,"description":123},"FW-Netz aus Linienzügen erstellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fcreate-dhn-from-linestrings","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F2.create-dhn-from-linestrings",{"title":519,"path":520,"stem":521,"description":123},"Netzlayout erweitern","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fextend-network-layout","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F3.extend-network-layout",{"title":264,"path":523,"stem":524,"description":123},"\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Foptimize-layout","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F4.optimize-layout",{"title":526,"path":527,"stem":528,"description":123},"Netztopologie korrigieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Ffix-network-topology","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F5.fix-network-topology",{"title":530,"path":531,"stem":532,"description":123},"Thermisches Netz zuschneiden","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fcut-network","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F6.cut-network",{"title":534,"path":535,"stem":536,"description":123},"Thermische Netze zusammenführen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fmerge-networks","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F7.merge-networks",{"title":538,"path":539,"stem":540,"description":123},"Übergabestationen anschliessen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fconnect-substations","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F8.connect-substations",{"title":542,"path":543,"stem":544,"description":123},"Gebäudeübergabestationen erstellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fcreate-building-substations","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F9.create-building-substations",{"title":546,"description":18,"path":547,"stem":548,"children":549,"page":53},"Leitungsdimensionierung und Simulation","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation",[550,553,556,560,564],{"title":309,"path":551,"stem":552,"description":123},"\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Fdimension-pipes","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F1.dimension-pipes",{"title":269,"path":554,"stem":555,"description":123},"\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Fsimulate-thermal-network","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F3.simulate-thermal-network",{"title":557,"path":558,"stem":559,"description":123},"Netzkosten aktualisieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Frefresh-network-costs","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F4.refresh-network-costs",{"title":561,"path":562,"stem":563,"description":123},"Thermische Quellenleistung optimieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Foptimize-thermal-source-power","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F5.optimize-thermal-source-power",{"title":565,"path":566,"stem":567,"description":123},"Lasten thermischer Quellen zuteilen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Fallocate-thermal-source-loads","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F6.allocate-thermal-source-loads",{"title":569,"description":18,"path":570,"stem":571,"children":572,"page":53},"Erdsonden und Geothermie","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal",[573,577,581,585,589,593,597,601],{"title":574,"path":575,"stem":576,"description":123},"Erdsondenlayout generieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fgenerate-borehole-layout","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F1.generate-borehole-layout",{"title":578,"path":579,"stem":580,"description":123},"Erdsondenfeld-Temperaturen simulieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fsimulate-borehole-temperatures","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F10.simulate-borehole-temperatures",{"title":582,"path":583,"stem":584,"description":123},"Erdsondenfeld dimensionieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fsize-borehole-field","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F3.size-borehole-field",{"title":586,"path":587,"stem":588,"description":123},"Regeneration des Erdsondenfelds optimieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Foptimize-regeneration-source","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F5.optimize-regeneration-source",{"title":590,"path":591,"stem":592,"description":123},"Booster-Wärmepumpen dimensionieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fbooster-heat-pump-dimensioner","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F6.booster-heat-pump-dimensioner",{"title":594,"path":595,"stem":596,"description":123},"Thermische Quellenleistung berechnen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fheat-source-power-calculator","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F7.heat-source-power-calculator",{"title":598,"path":599,"stem":600,"description":123},"Eignung für Erdwärmesonden-Bohrungen prüfen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fcheck-borehole-drilling-suitability","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F8.check-borehole-drilling-suitability",{"title":602,"path":603,"stem":604,"description":123},"Thermische Grundwasserressource dimensionieren","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fsize-aquifer-resource","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F9.size-aquifer-resource",{"title":606,"description":18,"path":607,"stem":608,"children":609,"page":53},"Finanzen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Ffinance","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F9.finance",[610],{"title":611,"path":612,"stem":613,"description":123},"Tarif für Ziel-IRR berechnen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Ffinance\u002Fcalculate-tariff-for-target-irr","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F9.finance\u002F1.calculate-tariff-for-target-irr",{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617,"children":618,"description":18},"Methoden","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F1.index",[619,621,626,631,636,641,646,651,656,661,666],{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617,"description":620},"Wie TESSA Nachfrage, Netzdimensionierung, Simulation, Quellenzuteilung, Geothermie, Optimierung sowie finanzielle und Emissionsergebnisse berechnet.",{"title":622,"path":623,"stem":624,"description":625},"Finanzmodell","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Ffinancial-model","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F10.financial-model","Wie TESSA CAPEX, OPEX und Erlöse zu einer Lebenszyklusbewertung eines thermischen Quartiernetzes kombiniert und daraus Cashflow-Prognosen, LCOE, NPV und Amortisationsdauer ableitet.",{"title":627,"path":628,"stem":629,"description":630},"CO2- und lokale Schadstoffemissionen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Femissions","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F11.emissions","Wie TESSA CO2- und lokale Schadstoffemissionen eines Fernwärme- und Fernkältenetzes und des ersetzten Gebäudebestands für Dekarbonisierungsstudien berechnet.",{"title":632,"path":633,"stem":634,"description":635},"Netzgenerationen (1G–5G)","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fnetwork-generations","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F2.network-generations","Die fünf Generationen von Fernwärme- und Fernkältenetzen nach Betriebstemperatur, von 1G-Dampf bis zu 5G-Anergie-Ringen mit Umgebungstemperatur, alle in TESSA unterstützt.",{"title":637,"path":638,"stem":639,"description":640},"Wärmebedarfsmodell","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fheat-demand-model","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F3.heat-demand-model","Wie TESSA den Heiz- und Warmwasserbedarf von Gebäuden aus einem wählbaren Modell, angegebenen Daten oder einer Mischung aus beidem abschätzt und welche integrierten Modelle verfügbar sind.",{"title":642,"path":643,"stem":644,"description":645},"Kältebedarfsmodell","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fcooling-demand-model","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F4.cooling-demand-model","Wie TESSA den Kältebedarf von Gebäuden aus einem wählbaren Modell, gelieferten Daten oder einer Mischung aus beidem schätzt und welche integrierten Kältemodelle verfügbar sind.",{"title":647,"path":648,"stem":649,"description":650},"Netzdimensionierung und Hydraulik","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fnetwork-sizing-and-hydraulics","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F5.network-sizing-and-hydraulics","Wie TESSA Fernwärme- und Fernkälteleitungen aus dem Spitzendurchfluss dimensioniert und die Hydraulik löst, einschliesslich Durchmesser, Geschwindigkeiten, Druckverluste und Pumpenförderhöhen.",{"title":652,"path":653,"stem":654,"description":655},"Netzsimulation","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fnetwork-simulation","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F6.network-simulation","Wie TESSA aus einem dimensionierten Netz und einer Reihe von Quellen ein stündliches Angebots- und Nachfragebild erstellt, einschliesslich Übergabestationsnachfrage, Wärmeverlusten, Einsatz, Hydraulik und Ergebnissen.",{"title":657,"path":658,"stem":659,"description":660},"Mehrere Quellen und Zuteilung","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fmultiple-sources-allocation","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F7.multiple-sources-allocation","Wie TESSA mehrere Wärmequellen in einem Fernwärmenetz mit der Merit-Order-Zuteilung einsetzt und die Last auf mehrere Energiezentralen verteilt.",{"title":662,"path":663,"stem":664,"description":665},"Geothermische Erdsondenfelder","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fgeothermal-borehole-fields","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F8.geothermal-borehole-fields","Wie TESSA geothermische Erdsondenfelder für erdgekoppelte Wärmepumpen dimensioniert und langfristige Fluidtemperaturen modelliert, einschliesslich Regeneration des Erdreichs.",{"title":667,"path":668,"stem":669,"description":670},"Layout-Optimierung","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Foptimisation","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F9.optimisation","Wie TESSA Layouts von Fernwärmenetzen optimiert und vom kürzesten minimalen Spannbaum zu einer kostenbewussten Zielfunktion für günstigere, bessere Netze übergeht.",{"title":672,"path":673,"stem":674,"children":675,"description":18},"Daten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F1.index",[676,678,693,728,737,747,767,777,787],{"title":672,"path":673,"stem":674,"description":677},"Das Datenmodell von TESSA, Gebäudefelder und Vorlagen, Datenquellen und die Dateiformate, die es liest und schreibt.",{"title":679,"description":18,"path":680,"stem":681,"children":682,"page":53},"Datenmodell","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fdata-model","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F2.data-model",[683,688],{"title":684,"path":685,"stem":686,"description":687},"Datenmodell für Quartiere und Gebäude","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fdata-model\u002Fdistricts-and-buildings-data-model","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F2.data-model\u002F1.districts-and-buildings-data-model","Die Bedarfsseite einer TESSA-Studie zu Fernwärme und Fernkälte: wie Quartiere, die darin liegenden Gebäude, das Klima und GIS-Überlagerungen aufgebaut und befüllt sind.",{"title":689,"path":690,"stem":691,"description":692},"Datenmodell Netze und Wärmequellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fdata-model\u002Fnetworks-and-heat-sources-data-model","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F2.data-model\u002F2.networks-and-heat-sources-data-model","Die Angebotsseite einer TESSA-Studie: wie Leitungen des thermischen Netzes, Gebäude-Übergabestationen, Energiezentralen, Wärmequellen und Erdsondenfelder modelliert und organisiert sind.",{"title":694,"description":18,"path":695,"stem":696,"children":697,"page":53},"Gebäude","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings",[698,703,708,713,718,723],{"title":699,"path":700,"stem":701,"description":702},"Vorlage für Gebäudedaten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-data-template","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F1.building-data-template","Verwenden Sie diese Excel-Vorlagen als Ausgangspunkt, wenn Sie eine Gebäudedatentabelle für den Upload in TESSA vorbereiten.",{"title":704,"path":705,"stem":706,"description":707},"Glossar der Gebäudevariablen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-variables-glossary","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F2.building-variables-glossary","Hier ist jede Spalte aufgeführt, die TESSA in einem Gebäudedaten-Upload akzeptiert oder als Berechnungsergebnis erzeugt. Die Spalten sind nach Themen gruppiert; die Spalte Input zeigt an, ob das Feld beim Hochladen einer Gebäudetabelle akzeptiert wird.",{"title":709,"path":710,"stem":711,"description":712},"Eine Quelldatei auf die Gebäudetabelle abbilden","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-import-mapping","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F3.building-import-mapping","Eine Anleitung, um einen Gebäudedatensatz, der eigene Spaltennamen verwendet, in eine\nTabelle umzuwandeln, die TESSA importieren kann. Verfasst, damit sie von einer Person oder von einem KI-Assistenten\nanhand dieser Seite befolgt werden kann.",{"title":714,"path":715,"stem":716,"description":717},"Referenz der Gebäudearchetypen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-archetypes","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F4.building-archetypes","TESSA gruppiert Gebäude in Archetypen anhand der Baukategorie (const_class) und der Bauperiode (const_period). Diese beiden Felder bestimmen zusammen, welche Parameter des Wärmebedarfsmodells und welche Lastkurvenform für jedes Gebäude angewendet werden.",{"title":719,"path":720,"stem":721,"description":722},"Herkunft der Gebäudedaten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-data-origins","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F5.building-data-origins","Woher TESSA Gebäudedaten für Fernwärmestudien bezieht, von RegBL und swissTLM3D bis zu Benutzerimporten, einschliesslich bekannter Einschränkungen und der Art, wie Lücken gefüllt werden.",{"title":724,"path":725,"stem":726,"description":727},"Datenqualität und Konfidenz","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fdata-quality-and-confidence","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F6.data-quality-and-confidence","Wie TESSA die Herkunft jedes Gebäudewerts in einer Fernwärmestudie festhält, damit Sie wissen, welchen Daten Sie trauen können und wo eine manuelle Prüfung sinnvoll ist.",{"title":234,"description":18,"path":729,"stem":730,"children":731,"page":53},"\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fclimate","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F4.climate",[732],{"title":733,"path":734,"stem":735,"description":736},"Klimadaten","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fclimate\u002Fclimate-data","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F4.climate\u002F1.climate-data","Wie TESSA Typical-Meteorological-Year- und Zukunftsklimadaten zur Steuerung der Heiz- und Kältenachfrage verwendet, mit Quellen, Variablen und Abdeckung.",{"title":738,"description":18,"path":739,"stem":740,"children":741,"page":53},"Energiequellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fenergy-sources","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F5.energy-sources",[742],{"title":743,"path":744,"stem":745,"description":746},"Referenz Energiequellen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fenergy-sources\u002Fenergy-sources","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F5.energy-sources\u002F1.energy-sources","Diese Seite dokumentiert die integrierten Presets für Brennstoffe und thermische Quellen, mit denen TESSA die techno-ökonomischen Parameter von Wärmequellen initialisiert. Alle Standardwerte sind für die Schweiz kalibriert (CHF, Kostenniveau 2020–2023). Sie können pro Szenario im Netzinspektor überschrieben werden.",{"title":748,"description":18,"path":749,"stem":750,"children":751,"page":53},"Netz","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fnetwork","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F6.network",[752,757,762],{"title":753,"path":754,"stem":755,"description":756},"Leitungsspezifikationen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fnetwork\u002Fpipe-specifications","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F6.network\u002F1.pipe-specifications","Jedes thermische Netz führt seine eigene Leitungsspezifikationstabelle — eine bearbeitbare, pro Netz geführte Nachschlagetabelle, die nach Nennweite (DN) und Material geordnet ist. Sie definiert die Geometrie (Innen-\u002FAussendurchmesser, Wandstärke), die hydraulische Reibungsrauheit, den Geschwindigkeitsbereich und die Druckgradientengrenzen, die der Leitungsdimensionierer verwenden darf.",{"title":758,"path":759,"stem":760,"description":761},"Format der Kostentabelle","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fnetwork\u002Fcost-table-format","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F6.network\u002F2.cost-table-format","TESSA berechnet die Kosten des Leitungsnetzes aus einer nach DN indexierten Kostentabelle, die für jeden Nenndurchmesser die Kosten pro Meter angibt. Sie können diese Tabelle auf drei Arten erstellen:",{"title":763,"path":764,"stem":765,"description":766},"Netzimportformat","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fnetwork\u002Fnetwork-import-format","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F6.network\u002F3.network-import-format","TESSA kann aus einem bestehenden Satz von Liniengeometrien (z. B. einer GIS-Ebene mit bestehenden oder geplanten Rohren) ein Rohrnetz erstellen. Das geschieht mit dem Werkzeug Netzgeometrie importieren (Create DHN from linestrings).",{"title":768,"description":18,"path":769,"stem":770,"children":771,"page":53},"Lastkurven","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fload-curves","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F7.load-curves",[772],{"title":773,"path":774,"stem":775,"description":776},"Lastkurvenformat","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fload-curves\u002Fload-curve-format","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F7.load-curves\u002F1.load-curve-format","Eine Lastkurve ist eine stündliche Zeitreihe des thermischen Leistungsbedarfs. TESSA kann benutzerdefinierte Lastkurven auf Quartiersebene (den berechneten Bedarf ersetzend oder ergänzend) und auf Gebäudeebene (für einzelne Gebäude mit gemessenen Verbrauchsdaten) übernehmen.",{"title":778,"description":18,"path":779,"stem":780,"children":781,"page":53},"Exporte","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fexports","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F8.exports",[782],{"title":783,"path":784,"stem":785,"description":786},"Exportformate","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fexports\u002Fexport-formats","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F8.exports\u002F1.export-formats","TESSA bietet mehrere Möglichkeiten, Ergebnisse und Geometrie aus einem Szenario für externe Werkzeuge zu extrahieren.",{"title":788,"description":18,"path":789,"stem":790,"children":791,"page":53},"Konventionen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fconventions","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F9.conventions",[792,796],{"title":793,"path":794,"stem":795,"description":123},"Einheiten und Konventionen","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fconventions\u002Funits-and-conventions","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F9.conventions\u002F1.units-and-conventions",{"title":797,"path":798,"stem":799,"description":123},"Koordinatensysteme","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fconventions\u002Fcoordinate-systems","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F9.conventions\u002F2.coordinate-systems",{"title":801,"path":802,"stem":803,"description":804},"Funktionsübersicht","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ffeature-list","de\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F5.feature-list","Ein Verzeichnis dessen, was TESSA kann, nach Bereichen gruppiert, mit einem Link zur Seite jeder Funktion.","i-lucide-library",{"title":807,"path":808,"stem":809,"description":810},"Versionshistorie","\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002Fversion-history","de\u002Fdocs\u002F5.version-history","Versionshistorie und wichtige Meilensteine in TESSA mit neuen Funktionen, Modellierungsverbesserungen und Workflow-Verbesserungen über die Versionen hinweg.",[812],{"title":813,"path":814,"stem":815,"children":816,"description":818},"Welcome","\u002Fdocs","docs\u002F1.index",[817,819,854,1194,1603],{"title":813,"path":814,"stem":815,"description":818},"The user manual for TESSA, Planeto's web application for designing heating and cooling systems, from a single building to a district network.",{"title":820,"description":18,"icon":19,"path":821,"stem":822,"children":823,"page":53},"Getting Started","\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started","docs\u002F2.getting-started",[824,829,834,839,844,849],{"title":825,"path":826,"stem":827,"description":828},"Start here","\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fstart-here","docs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F1.start-here","Where to begin in TESSA, depending on how your account was set up.",{"title":830,"path":831,"stem":832,"description":833},"Find your way around","\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Ffind-your-way-around","docs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F2.find-your-way-around","The pages of TESSA, what each one is for, and how to get between them.",{"title":835,"path":836,"stem":837,"description":838},"Projects and scenarios","\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios","docs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F3.projects-and-scenarios","How TESSA organises your work, and which settings live at which level.",{"title":840,"path":841,"stem":842,"description":843},"Get your buildings in","\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fget-your-buildings-in","docs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F4.get-your-buildings-in","The ways to get buildings into a scenario.",{"title":845,"path":846,"stem":847,"description":848},"Working in Design","\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fworking-in-design","docs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F5.working-in-design","How tools, the object tree and map editing work together to build a design.",{"title":850,"path":851,"stem":852,"description":853},"Getting help","\u002Fdocs\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fgetting-help","docs\u002F2.getting-started\u002F6.getting-help","Where to find answers, and how to write to support so we can help quickly.",{"title":855,"description":18,"icon":56,"path":856,"stem":857,"children":858,"page":53},"User Guide","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide","docs\u002F3.user-guide",[859,898,927,951,955,975,1030,1045,1110,1135,1160,1179],{"title":835,"description":18,"path":860,"stem":861,"children":862,"page":53},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios",[863,868,873,878,883,888,893],{"title":864,"path":865,"stem":866,"description":867},"Organise a study","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Forganise-a-study","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F1.organise-a-study","How TESSA organises district heating and cooling studies into projects, comparable scenarios, and phased deployment plans, and how access and sharing work.",{"title":869,"path":870,"stem":871,"description":872},"Manage projects","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fmanage-projects","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F2.manage-projects","A project is a workspace that groups all the scenarios for a single site or study area. It belongs to an organization and holds settings that apply to every scenario inside it — currency, geographic region, and the road-network data used for pipe routing.",{"title":874,"path":875,"stem":876,"description":877},"Manage scenarios","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fmanage-scenarios","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F3.manage-scenarios","A scenario is a self-contained design inside a project. It owns its own districts, thermal networks, layers, financial parameters, and reports. Changes to one scenario never affect any other.",{"title":879,"path":880,"stem":881,"description":882},"Navigate a scenario","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fnavigate-a-scenario","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F4.navigate-a-scenario","Open a scenario and move between its Design, Finance and Report sections.",{"title":884,"path":885,"stem":886,"description":887},"Phasing plans","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fphasing-plans","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F5.phasing-plans","A phasing plan (also called a deployment plan) stitches several scenarios into an ordered timeline. Use it when a district will be built out in stages over many years — for example, year 1 connects the town centre, year 5 adds the industrial estate, year 10 retrofits older buildings — and you need a single multi-decade financial picture instead of looking at each scenario in isolation.",{"title":889,"path":890,"stem":891,"description":892},"Members and roles","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fshare-and-permissions","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F6.share-and-permissions","Who can do what in an organisation, how to add members, and how usage is counted.",{"title":894,"path":895,"stem":896,"description":897},"Import and export scenarios","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fprojects-and-scenarios\u002Fimport-export-scenarios","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F1.projects-and-scenarios\u002F7.import-export-scenarios","Exporting a scenario produces a file you can archive, share with a colleague, or import into a different project or organization.",{"title":899,"description":18,"path":900,"stem":901,"children":902,"page":53},"App and navigation","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation",[903,908,913,918,922],{"title":904,"path":905,"stem":906,"description":907},"Map controls","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Fmap-controls","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F1.map-controls","The map is the central workspace in the Design view. Most objects — buildings, pipes, energy centers, substations, layers — are created, positioned, and selected directly on the map.",{"title":909,"path":910,"stem":911,"description":912},"Edit geometry on the map","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Fmap-editing","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F2.map-editing","Every geometric object in TESSA — buildings, pipes, substations, connection\npoints, energy centers, layers — can be created, moved, reshaped and deleted\nby hand on the map. The same editing toolbar does all of it; which tools it\noffers depends on what you have selected.",{"title":914,"path":915,"stem":916,"description":917},"The object tree","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Fobject-tree","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F3.object-tree","The object tree in the left sidebar of the Design view shows the hierarchical structure of everything in your scenario. It is the primary navigation tool for finding and managing objects.",{"title":919,"path":920,"stem":921,"description":123},"Keyboard shortcuts and power-user tips","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Fkeyboard-and-tips","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F4.keyboard-and-tips",{"title":923,"path":924,"stem":925,"description":926},"Login and access","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fapp-and-navigation\u002Flogin-and-access","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F10.app-and-navigation\u002F5.login-and-access","TESSA signs you in through OAuth provided by Planeto or linked to your organisation's identity. Most login\nproblems come from the browser session or from being signed in with the wrong\naccount, and you can usually fix them yourself with the steps below.",{"title":928,"description":18,"path":929,"stem":930,"children":931,"page":53},"Interoperability","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability",[932,936,941,946],{"title":933,"path":934,"stem":935,"description":123},"Supported file formats","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability\u002Ffile-formats","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability\u002F1.file-formats",{"title":937,"path":938,"stem":939,"description":940},"Connect an AI assistant (MCP)","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability\u002Fai-assistant-mcp","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability\u002F2.ai-assistant-mcp","TESSA exposes its computational tools through the Model Context Protocol (MCP). This lets you drive TESSA from an AI assistant such as Claude, ChatGPT, or Mistral — asking in plain language to create districts, generate network layouts, size pipes, run simulations, and more. The assistant calls the same tools the TESSA web app uses, runs them against your own account and projects, and reports the results back in the conversation.",{"title":942,"path":943,"stem":944,"description":945},"Google Maps geocoding caveats","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability\u002Fgoogle-maps","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability\u002F3.google-maps","If your building data includes addresses that were geocoded using the Google Maps API — converting street addresses into latitude\u002Flongitude coordinates — you may hit limitations when exporting from TESSA.",{"title":947,"path":948,"stem":949,"description":950},"Round-tripping with QGIS","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Finteroperability\u002Fqgis-handoff","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F11.interoperability\u002F4.qgis-handoff","QGIS and TESSA complement each other: TESSA handles energy modelling and simulation; QGIS handles advanced GIS analysis, reprojection, data cleaning, and map production. This page describes the common handoff patterns.",{"title":154,"path":952,"stem":953,"description":954},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Ffaq","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F12.faq","Answers to common questions about designing district heating and cooling networks in TESSA, covering input data, pipe sizing, hydraulics, costs, and cooling.",{"title":956,"description":18,"path":957,"stem":958,"children":959,"page":53},"Study area","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fstudy-area","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F2.study-area",[960,965,970],{"title":961,"path":962,"stem":963,"description":964},"Draw layers on the map","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fstudy-area\u002Fdraw-layers","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F2.study-area\u002F1.draw-layers","Layers are polygon, line, or point geometries stored in your scenario. They are used to define study regions, create districts, mark exclusion zones, and store custom geometry for reference.",{"title":966,"path":967,"stem":968,"description":969},"Import GeoJSON, KML, or GPKG","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fstudy-area\u002Fimport-geojson","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F2.study-area\u002F2.import-geojson","For complex or pre-existing geometry you don't want to redraw manually, TESSA can import layers from standard GIS file formats.",{"title":971,"path":972,"stem":973,"description":974},"Define exclusion zones","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fstudy-area\u002Fexclusion-zones","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F2.study-area\u002F3.exclusion-zones","Exclusion zones are polygon areas that the automatic pipe-routing algorithms must avoid. Typical uses are parks, protected areas, railway corridors, rivers, or private land where trenching is not permitted.",{"title":976,"description":18,"path":977,"stem":978,"children":979,"page":53},"Buildings and demand","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand",[980,985,990,995,1000,1005,1010,1015,1020,1025],{"title":981,"path":982,"stem":983,"description":984},"Create a district — workflow overview","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fcreate-district-workflow","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F1.create-district-workflow","This is the high-level path from raw input data to a populated district that's ready for network design.",{"title":986,"path":987,"stem":988,"description":989},"Apply future climate and retrofit assumptions","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Ffuture-and-retrofit","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F10.future-and-retrofit","The Apply Future Demand Scenario tool lets you model a district as it might look in a future year — accounting for both climate change and building envelope retrofits. This is used to stress-test network sizing and understand long-term heat demand evolution.",{"title":991,"path":992,"stem":993,"description":994},"Load buildings from a region","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fload-from-region","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F2.load-from-region","In supported regions, TESSA can fetch building data automatically from a pre-loaded database. You draw a polygon on the map and TESSA queries all buildings within it, populating the district with geometry, attributes, and energy demand estimates.",{"title":996,"path":997,"stem":998,"description":999},"Upload a buildings table","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fupload-buildings-table","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F3.upload-buildings-table","When you have external building data — from a municipal cadastre, client spreadsheet, GIS export, or energy survey — you can upload it directly into TESSA. This creates a new district (or updates an existing one) populated with your buildings, coordinates, attributes, and energy demands.",{"title":1001,"path":1002,"stem":1003,"description":1004},"Use OpenStreetMap building data","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fuse-osm-data","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F4.use-osm-data","For locations outside Switzerland — or anywhere you want freely available global data — TESSA can use OpenStreetMap (OSM) building footprints as the starting point for a district.",{"title":1006,"path":1007,"stem":1008,"description":1009},"Add or edit buildings on the map","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fedit-buildings-on-map","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F5.edit-buildings-on-map","You can inspect and edit individual building records directly on the map. This is useful for correcting misclassified buildings, overriding model-estimated values with measured data, or removing a building that shouldn't be connected to the network.",{"title":1011,"path":1012,"stem":1013,"description":1014},"Create buildings by hand","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fcreate-buildings-by-hand","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F6.create-buildings-by-hand","When no building registry covers your site — a greenfield development, a\ncountry without a configured data source, or a handful of buildings you are\nstudying in isolation — you can place buildings on the map yourself and type\ntheir data into the building inspector.",{"title":1016,"path":1017,"stem":1018,"description":1019},"Filter, cluster, and set active connections","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Ffilter-and-cluster","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F7.filter-and-cluster","After loading building data, you often need to refine the district: remove buildings that are out of scope, group nearby buildings into sub-districts, or decide which buildings should connect to the network.",{"title":1021,"path":1022,"stem":1023,"description":1024},"Work with building load curves","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fload-curves","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F8.load-curves","A load curve is an 8760-hour time series of heating and cooling power demand (kW) for the district. It is needed for hydraulic pipe sizing and simulation, and for accurate financial modelling of peak vs. base loads.",{"title":1026,"path":1027,"stem":1028,"description":1029},"Upload a curve for one building","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fbuildings-and-demand\u002Fbuilding-load-curve-upload","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F3.buildings-and-demand\u002F9.building-load-curve-upload","When you have metered or separately simulated hourly data for an individual\nbuilding — a hospital, a factory, the one large consumer that anchors the\nwhole scheme — you can attach that curve to the building itself instead of\nletting a demand model estimate it.",{"title":1031,"description":18,"path":1032,"stem":1033,"children":1034,"page":53},"Climate","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fclimate","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F4.climate",[1035,1040],{"title":1036,"path":1037,"stem":1038,"description":1039},"Load climate data","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fclimate\u002Fload-climate-data","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F4.climate\u002F1.load-climate-data","Climate data provides the hourly weather time series — outdoor temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, and humidity — that TESSA's demand models use to calculate heating and cooling loads. Every district must have climate data loaded before demand can be calculated.",{"title":1041,"path":1042,"stem":1043,"description":1044},"Apply future climate scenarios","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fclimate\u002Ffuture-climate","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F4.climate\u002F2.future-climate","TESSA supports two ways to apply future climate projections, depending on what you want to analyse:",{"title":1046,"description":18,"path":1047,"stem":1048,"children":1049,"page":53},"Network design","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design",[1050,1055,1060,1065,1070,1075,1080,1085,1090,1095,1100,1105],{"title":1051,"path":1052,"stem":1053,"description":1054},"Create a thermal network","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fcreate-network","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F1.create-network","A thermal network is the container for the entire heat (or cold) distribution system: pipes, substations, energy centers, heat sources, pumps, and fluid and financial settings. You create it in the scenario's object tree before adding any pipe geometry.",{"title":1056,"path":1057,"stem":1058,"description":1059},"Substations and connection points","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fsubstations","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F10.substations","A building substation is a network node representing the heat transfer unit at each building — the plate heat exchanger or direct connection where the district heat is handed over to the building's internal system. A connection point is a node on the main pipe where a branch connects.",{"title":1061,"path":1062,"stem":1063,"description":1064},"Optimise the network layout","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Foptimise-layout","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F11.optimise-layout","The Optimise Layout tool re-routes the pipe network to minimise a cost objective — typically total pipe material and installation cost — subject to the same road routing and exclusion zone constraints as the initial layout.",{"title":1066,"path":1067,"stem":1068,"description":1069},"Simulate network operation","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fsimulate","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F12.simulate","The Simulate Network Operation tool runs a full year-long operational simulation of the heat distribution network. It calculates heat flows, pipe losses, pressures, pumping energy, fuel consumption, and costs for every hour of the year.",{"title":1071,"path":1072,"stem":1073,"description":1074},"Energy centers and thermal sources","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fenergy-centers-and-sources","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F2.energy-centers-and-sources","An energy center is the location where heat is generated and injected into the network. A thermal source is a piece of generation equipment housed inside it — a boiler, heat pump, or other device. Sources always live inside an energy center; you can have multiple sources per center and multiple centers per network.",{"title":1076,"path":1077,"stem":1078,"description":1079},"Multiple sources and allocation strategies","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fsource-allocation","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F3.source-allocation","When an energy center has more than one thermal source, TESSA needs to know which source to call up first. The dispatch strategy (also called load allocation) controls this.",{"title":1081,"path":1082,"stem":1083,"description":1084},"Add and dimension pumps","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fpumps","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F4.pumps","Each energy center requires at least one circulation pump to move the carrier fluid around the network. TESSA calculates the required pump head from the simulated hydraulics — you specify efficiency and electricity cost; the tool derives everything else.",{"title":1086,"path":1087,"stem":1088,"description":1089},"Auto-generate the pipe layout","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fauto-generate-layout","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F5.auto-generate-layout","The Generate Network Layout tool computes the pipe routing that connects all buildings back to the energy center, following the road network and respecting any exclusion zones you define. It is the fastest way to get a full pipe layout for a new network.",{"title":1091,"path":1092,"stem":1093,"description":1094},"Extend an existing network","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fextend-network","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F6.extend-network","The Extend Network Layout tool adds new building connections to an existing network without regenerating the entire pipe layout. Use this instead of re-running Generate Layout whenever you want to:",{"title":1096,"path":1097,"stem":1098,"description":1099},"Draw pipes manually","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fdraw-pipes-manually","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F7.draw-pipes-manually","For cases where the auto-generated layout doesn't match the planned route — for example a network that must follow a specific easement corridor, cross private land on a known alignment, or follow an existing trench — you can draw pipe segments directly on the map.",{"title":1101,"path":1102,"stem":1103,"description":1104},"Import an existing network","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fimport-existing-network","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F8.import-existing-network","If you have pipe routes defined in a GIS file — for example an existing network from a utility's asset system, or a network drawn in QGIS — you can import it into TESSA rather than redrawing it manually.",{"title":1106,"path":1107,"stem":1108,"description":1109},"Dimension pipes","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fnetwork-design\u002Fdimension-pipes","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F5.network-design\u002F9.dimension-pipes","The Dimension Pipes tool calculates ISO DN sizes for every pipe in the network based on the peak demand from connected buildings. It is a required step before running the simulation.",{"title":1111,"description":18,"path":1112,"stem":1113,"children":1114,"page":53},"Geothermal","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal",[1115,1120,1125,1130],{"title":1116,"path":1117,"stem":1118,"description":1119},"Create a borehole field","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal\u002Fcreate-borehole-field","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal\u002F1.create-borehole-field","A borehole field is a geothermal heat source — an array of ground heat exchangers that extract thermal energy from the ground for a ground-source heat pump. In TESSA, the borehole field is a child object of the energy center that contains the heat pump.",{"title":1121,"path":1122,"stem":1123,"description":1124},"Dimension a borehole field","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal\u002Fdimension-borehole-field","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal\u002F2.dimension-borehole-field","The Size Borehole Field tool calculates the borehole depth or count required to sustain the heat extraction load over the system's lifetime while maintaining acceptable ground temperatures. It uses the simulated load curve from the network and Swiss ground thermal properties.",{"title":1126,"path":1127,"stem":1128,"description":1129},"Optimise borehole regeneration","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal\u002Foptimise-regeneration","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal\u002F3.optimise-regeneration","Ground-source borehole fields extract more heat in winter than they can naturally recover over summer, causing progressive ground cooling over the system lifetime. Thermal regeneration counteracts this by injecting heat into the ground (typically via solar thermal collectors or waste heat) to restore the thermal balance. A well-balanced field requires less drilling length and maintains stable efficiency.",{"title":1131,"path":1132,"stem":1133,"description":1134},"Booster heat pumps for ambient networks","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fgeothermal\u002Fbooster-heat-pumps","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F6.geothermal\u002F4.booster-heat-pumps","In a 5th-generation (ambient) district network, the distribution pipes carry fluid at near-ground temperature (typically 10–20 °C). Each building extracts heat from this low-temperature loop using its own booster heat pump, which raises the temperature to the level needed for space heating and hot water (55–70 °C).",{"title":1136,"description":18,"path":1137,"stem":1138,"children":1139,"page":53},"Costs and financials","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials",[1140,1145,1150,1155],{"title":1141,"path":1142,"stem":1143,"description":1144},"Configure costs","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials\u002Fconfigure-costs","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials\u002F1.configure-costs","The Finance view is where you set the investment and operating cost parameters that feed into the financial report. Most cost parameters live on the thermal source objects (see Energy centers and sources), while the pipe network cost is configured on the network (see below). The discount rate is set once per scenario in the scenario financial parameters — see Manage scenarios.",{"title":1146,"path":1147,"stem":1148,"description":1149},"Upload vendor cost tables","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials\u002Fupload-cost-tables","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials\u002F2.upload-cost-tables","When you have project-specific pipe cost data — from a contractor quote, regional price list, or municipal specifications — you can upload a custom cost table to replace TESSA's built-in reference databases.",{"title":1151,"path":1152,"stem":1153,"description":1154},"Revenues and tariffs","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials\u002Frevenues-and-tariffs","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials\u002F3.revenues-and-tariffs","A district heating network generates revenue through three mechanisms: heat sales (energy-based), capacity fees (power-based), and one-time connection fees. TESSA models all three, plus a connection rate ramp to represent gradual building uptake.",{"title":1156,"path":1157,"stem":1158,"description":1159},"Read the financial report","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcosts-and-financials\u002Fread-financial-report","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F7.costs-and-financials\u002F4.read-financial-report","The Finance view shows the full financial analysis of your district heating scenario: investment breakdown, levelised cost of heat, annual revenues and costs, cashflow over the network lifetime, NPV, and IRR. Open it from the mode dropdown in the centre of the app bar (cash icon).",{"title":1161,"description":18,"path":1162,"stem":1163,"children":1164,"page":53},"Reports and exports","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Freports-and-exports","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F8.reports-and-exports",[1165,1170,1175],{"title":1166,"path":1167,"stem":1168,"description":1169},"Report overview","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Freports-and-exports\u002Freport-tab-overview","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F8.reports-and-exports\u002F1.report-tab-overview","The Report page provides a structured summary of simulation results across buildings, district energy, and network performance. It is the primary output for engineering reports and client presentations.",{"title":1171,"path":1172,"stem":1173,"description":1174},"Export results","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Freports-and-exports\u002Fexport-results","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F8.reports-and-exports\u002F2.export-results","TESSA provides several export options for getting simulation results out of the platform — into Excel, GIS tools, or for sharing with stakeholders.",{"title":1176,"path":1177,"stem":1178,"description":123},"Share and print a report","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Freports-and-exports\u002Fshare-and-print","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F8.reports-and-exports\u002F3.share-and-print",{"title":1180,"description":18,"path":1181,"stem":1182,"children":1183,"page":53},"Comparing and iterating","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcomparing-and-iterating","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F9.comparing-and-iterating",[1184,1189],{"title":1185,"path":1186,"stem":1187,"description":1188},"Compare scenarios","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcomparing-and-iterating\u002Fcompare-scenarios","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F9.comparing-and-iterating\u002F1.compare-scenarios","The Compare Scenarios view displays key metrics from two or more scenarios side by side. Use it to evaluate design variants, test sensitivities, or build the case for a preferred option.",{"title":1190,"path":1191,"stem":1192,"description":1193},"Duplicate scenarios for variant studies","\u002Fdocs\u002Fuser-guide\u002Fcomparing-and-iterating\u002Fduplicate-and-iterate","docs\u002F3.user-guide\u002F9.comparing-and-iterating\u002F2.duplicate-and-iterate","Duplicating a scenario creates a full independent copy — all districts, buildings, networks, layers, and financial parameters are copied. The duplicate starts from the same point as the original, so you can make changes without affecting the source.",{"title":1195,"path":1196,"stem":1197,"children":1198,"description":18,"icon":805},"Reference","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F1.index",[1199,1201,1412,1469,1598],{"title":1195,"path":1196,"stem":1197,"description":1200},"Look up any TESSA tool, the methods behind its results, and every data field and file format.",{"title":1202,"path":1203,"stem":1204,"children":1205,"description":18},"Tools","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F1.index",[1206,1209,1266,1283,1290,1343,1366,1403],{"title":1207,"path":1203,"stem":1204,"description":1208},"Tools reference","Every page in this section documents one tool that you can run from the Tools menu in TESSA. Use it as a quick lookup when you already know the tool you want, or as a directory to find the right tool for the step you are on.",{"title":1210,"description":18,"path":1211,"stem":1212,"children":1213,"page":53},"District and buildings","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings",[1214,1218,1222,1226,1230,1234,1238,1242,1246,1250,1254,1258,1262],{"title":1215,"path":1216,"stem":1217,"description":123},"Create district from region","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fcreate-district-from-region","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F1.create-district-from-region",{"title":1219,"path":1220,"stem":1221,"description":123},"Set active building connections","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fset-active-building-connections","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F10.set-active-building-connections",{"title":1223,"path":1224,"stem":1225,"description":123},"Set building heat source","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fset-building-heat-source","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F11.set-building-heat-source",{"title":1227,"path":1228,"stem":1229,"description":123},"Simulate future demand","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fapply-future-demand-scenario","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F12.apply-future-demand-scenario",{"title":1231,"path":1232,"stem":1233,"description":123},"Simulate annual demands","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fgenerate-building-demands","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F13.generate-building-demands",{"title":1235,"path":1236,"stem":1237,"description":123},"Simulate building load curves","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fgenerate-load-curves","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F14.generate-load-curves",{"title":1239,"path":1240,"stem":1241,"description":123},"Create district from buildings","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fcreate-district-from-buildings","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F2.create-district-from-buildings",{"title":1243,"path":1244,"stem":1245,"description":123},"Extract buildings","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fextract-buildings","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F3.extract-buildings",{"title":1247,"path":1248,"stem":1249,"description":123},"Filter buildings","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Ffilter-buildings","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F4.filter-buildings",{"title":1251,"path":1252,"stem":1253,"description":123},"Filter districts","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Ffilter-districts","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F5.filter-districts",{"title":1255,"path":1256,"stem":1257,"description":123},"Cluster buildings","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fcluster-buildings","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F6.cluster-buildings",{"title":1259,"path":1260,"stem":1261,"description":123},"Merge districts","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Fmerge-districts","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F7.merge-districts",{"title":1263,"path":1264,"stem":1265,"description":123},"Refresh district data","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fdistrict-and-buildings\u002Frefresh-district-buildings","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F2.district-and-buildings\u002F9.refresh-district-buildings",{"title":1267,"description":18,"path":1268,"stem":1269,"children":1270,"page":53},"Layers","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Flayers","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F3.layers",[1271,1275,1279],{"title":1272,"path":1273,"stem":1274,"description":123},"Combine feature layers","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Flayers\u002Fcombine-feature-layers","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F3.layers\u002F1.combine-feature-layers",{"title":1276,"path":1277,"stem":1278,"description":123},"Combine building selections","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Flayers\u002Fcombine-building-layers","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F3.layers\u002F2.combine-building-layers",{"title":1280,"path":1281,"stem":1282,"description":123},"Remap layer properties","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Flayers\u002Fremap-layer-properties","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F3.layers\u002F3.remap-layer-properties",{"title":1031,"description":18,"path":1284,"stem":1285,"children":1286,"page":53},"\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fclimate","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F4.climate",[1287],{"title":1036,"path":1288,"stem":1289,"description":123},"\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fclimate\u002Fload-climate-data","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F4.climate\u002F1.load-climate-data",{"title":1291,"description":18,"path":1292,"stem":1293,"children":1294,"page":53},"Network layout and topology","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology",[1295,1299,1303,1307,1311,1315,1319,1323,1327,1331,1335,1339],{"title":1296,"path":1297,"stem":1298,"description":123},"Create MST layout","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fcreate-mst-layout","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F1.create-mst-layout",{"title":1300,"path":1301,"stem":1302,"description":123},"Locate energy centers","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Flocate-energy-centers","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F10.locate-energy-centers",{"title":1304,"path":1305,"stem":1306,"description":123},"Connect energy centers","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fconnect-energy-centers","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F11.connect-energy-centers",{"title":1308,"path":1309,"stem":1310,"description":123},"Select buildings for network","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fselect-buildings-for-network","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F12.select-buildings-for-network",{"title":1312,"path":1313,"stem":1314,"description":123},"Create DHN from linestrings","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fcreate-dhn-from-linestrings","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F2.create-dhn-from-linestrings",{"title":1316,"path":1317,"stem":1318,"description":123},"Extend network layout","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fextend-network-layout","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F3.extend-network-layout",{"title":1320,"path":1321,"stem":1322,"description":123},"Optimize layout","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Foptimize-layout","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F4.optimize-layout",{"title":1324,"path":1325,"stem":1326,"description":123},"Fix network topology","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Ffix-network-topology","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F5.fix-network-topology",{"title":1328,"path":1329,"stem":1330,"description":123},"Cut thermal network","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fcut-network","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F6.cut-network",{"title":1332,"path":1333,"stem":1334,"description":123},"Merge thermal networks","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fmerge-networks","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F7.merge-networks",{"title":1336,"path":1337,"stem":1338,"description":123},"Connect substations","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fconnect-substations","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F8.connect-substations",{"title":1340,"path":1341,"stem":1342,"description":123},"Create building substations","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fnetwork-layout-and-topology\u002Fcreate-building-substations","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F5.network-layout-and-topology\u002F9.create-building-substations",{"title":1344,"description":18,"path":1345,"stem":1346,"children":1347,"page":53},"Pipe sizing and simulation","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation",[1348,1351,1354,1358,1362],{"title":1106,"path":1349,"stem":1350,"description":123},"\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Fdimension-pipes","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F1.dimension-pipes",{"title":1066,"path":1352,"stem":1353,"description":123},"\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Fsimulate-thermal-network","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F3.simulate-thermal-network",{"title":1355,"path":1356,"stem":1357,"description":123},"Refresh network costs","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Frefresh-network-costs","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F4.refresh-network-costs",{"title":1359,"path":1360,"stem":1361,"description":123},"Optimize thermal source power","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Foptimize-thermal-source-power","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F5.optimize-thermal-source-power",{"title":1363,"path":1364,"stem":1365,"description":123},"Allocate thermal source loads","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fpipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002Fallocate-thermal-source-loads","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F6.pipe-sizing-and-simulation\u002F6.allocate-thermal-source-loads",{"title":1367,"description":18,"path":1368,"stem":1369,"children":1370,"page":53},"Borehole and geothermal","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal",[1371,1375,1379,1383,1387,1391,1395,1399],{"title":1372,"path":1373,"stem":1374,"description":123},"Generate borehole layout","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fgenerate-borehole-layout","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F1.generate-borehole-layout",{"title":1376,"path":1377,"stem":1378,"description":123},"Simulate borefield temperatures","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fsimulate-borehole-temperatures","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F10.simulate-borehole-temperatures",{"title":1380,"path":1381,"stem":1382,"description":123},"Dimension borehole field","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fsize-borehole-field","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F3.size-borehole-field",{"title":1384,"path":1385,"stem":1386,"description":123},"Optimize borehole field regeneration","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Foptimize-regeneration-source","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F5.optimize-regeneration-source",{"title":1388,"path":1389,"stem":1390,"description":123},"Dimension booster heat pumps","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fbooster-heat-pump-dimensioner","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F6.booster-heat-pump-dimensioner",{"title":1392,"path":1393,"stem":1394,"description":123},"Calculate thermal source power","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fheat-source-power-calculator","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F7.heat-source-power-calculator",{"title":1396,"path":1397,"stem":1398,"description":123},"Check borehole drilling suitability","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fcheck-borehole-drilling-suitability","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F8.check-borehole-drilling-suitability",{"title":1400,"path":1401,"stem":1402,"description":123},"Dimension aquifer thermal resource","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Fborehole-and-geothermal\u002Fsize-aquifer-resource","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F7.borehole-and-geothermal\u002F9.size-aquifer-resource",{"title":1404,"description":18,"path":1405,"stem":1406,"children":1407,"page":53},"Finance","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Ffinance","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F9.finance",[1408],{"title":1409,"path":1410,"stem":1411,"description":123},"Calculate tariff for target IRR","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ftools\u002Ffinance\u002Fcalculate-tariff-for-target-irr","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F2.tools\u002F9.finance\u002F1.calculate-tariff-for-target-irr",{"title":1413,"path":1414,"stem":1415,"children":1416,"description":18},"Methods","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F1.index",[1417,1419,1424,1429,1434,1439,1444,1449,1454,1459,1464],{"title":1413,"path":1414,"stem":1415,"description":1418},"How TESSA computes demand, network sizing, simulation, source allocation, geothermal, optimisation, financial and emissions results.",{"title":1420,"path":1421,"stem":1422,"description":1423},"Financial model","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Ffinancial-model","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F10.financial-model","How TESSA combines CAPEX, OPEX, and revenues into a lifecycle assessment of a district thermal network, producing cash-flow forecasts, LCOE, NPV, and payback.",{"title":1425,"path":1426,"stem":1427,"description":1428},"CO2 and local pollutant emissions","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Femissions","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F11.emissions","How TESSA calculates CO2 and local pollutant emissions from a district heating and cooling network and the existing building stock it replaces for decarbonisation studies.",{"title":1430,"path":1431,"stem":1432,"description":1433},"Network generations (1G–5G)","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fnetwork-generations","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F2.network-generations","Understand 5th generation of district heating and cooling networks by operating temperature, from 1G steam to 5G ambient anergy loops, all supported in TESSA.",{"title":1435,"path":1436,"stem":1437,"description":1438},"Heat demand model","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fheat-demand-model","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F3.heat-demand-model","How TESSA estimates building heating and hot-water demand from a selectable model, supplied data or a mix of both, and which built-in models are available.",{"title":1440,"path":1441,"stem":1442,"description":1443},"Cooling demand model","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fcooling-demand-model","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F4.cooling-demand-model","How TESSA estimates building cooling demand from a selectable model, supplied data or a mix of both, and which built-in cooling models are available.",{"title":1445,"path":1446,"stem":1447,"description":1448},"Network sizing and hydraulics","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fnetwork-sizing-and-hydraulics","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F5.network-sizing-and-hydraulics","How TESSA sizes district heating and cooling pipes from peak flow and solves the hydraulics, computing diameters, velocities, pressure losses, and pump heads.",{"title":1450,"path":1451,"stem":1452,"description":1453},"Network simulation","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fnetwork-simulation","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F6.network-simulation","How TESSA turns a sized network and a set of sources into an hourly supply and demand picture, covering substation demand, heat losses, dispatch, hydraulics and results.",{"title":1455,"path":1456,"stem":1457,"description":1458},"Multiple sources and allocation","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fmultiple-sources-allocation","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F7.multiple-sources-allocation","How TESSA dispatches multiple heat sources in a district heating network using merit-order allocation and shares load across several energy centers.",{"title":1460,"path":1461,"stem":1462,"description":1463},"Geothermal borehole fields","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Fgeothermal-borehole-fields","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F8.geothermal-borehole-fields","How TESSA sizes geothermal borehole fields for ground-source heat pumps, modelling long-term fluid temperatures, including heat ground-regeneration.",{"title":1465,"path":1466,"stem":1467,"description":1468},"Layout optimisation","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fmethods\u002Foptimisation","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F3.methods\u002F9.optimisation","How TESSA optimises district heating network layouts, moving beyond the shortest-length minimum spanning tree to a cost-aware objective for cheaper, better networks.",{"title":1470,"path":1471,"stem":1472,"children":1473,"description":18},"Data","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F1.index",[1474,1476,1491,1526,1535,1545,1565,1575,1585],{"title":1470,"path":1471,"stem":1472,"description":1475},"TESSA's data model, building fields and templates, data sources, and the file formats it reads and writes.",{"title":1477,"description":18,"path":1478,"stem":1479,"children":1480,"page":53},"Data model","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fdata-model","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F2.data-model",[1481,1486],{"title":1482,"path":1483,"stem":1484,"description":1485},"Districts and buildings data model","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fdata-model\u002Fdistricts-and-buildings-data-model","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F2.data-model\u002F1.districts-and-buildings-data-model","The demand side of a TESSA district heating and cooling study: how districts, the buildings inside them, climate, and GIS overlays are structured and populated.",{"title":1487,"path":1488,"stem":1489,"description":1490},"Networks and heat sources data model","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fdata-model\u002Fnetworks-and-heat-sources-data-model","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F2.data-model\u002F2.networks-and-heat-sources-data-model","The supply side of a TESSA study: how thermal network pipes, building substations, energy centers, heat sources, and borehole fields are modelled and organised.",{"title":1492,"description":18,"path":1493,"stem":1494,"children":1495,"page":53},"Buildings","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings",[1496,1501,1506,1511,1516,1521],{"title":1497,"path":1498,"stem":1499,"description":1500},"Building data template","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-data-template","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F1.building-data-template","Use these Excel templates as a starting point when preparing a building data table for upload into TESSA.",{"title":1502,"path":1503,"stem":1504,"description":1505},"Building variables glossary","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-variables-glossary","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F2.building-variables-glossary","Every column that TESSA accepts in a building data upload or produces as a calculation result is listed here. Columns are grouped by topic; the Input column indicates whether the field is accepted when uploading a building table.",{"title":1507,"path":1508,"stem":1509,"description":1510},"Mapping a source file to the buildings table","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-import-mapping","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F3.building-import-mapping","A guide for converting a building dataset that uses its own column names into a\ntable TESSA can import. Written to be followed by a person or by an AI assistant\nworking from this page.",{"title":1512,"path":1513,"stem":1514,"description":1515},"Building archetypes reference","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-archetypes","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F4.building-archetypes","TESSA groups buildings into archetypes based on construction class (const_class) and construction period (const_period). These two fields together determine which heat demand model parameters and load curve shape are applied to each building.",{"title":1517,"path":1518,"stem":1519,"description":1520},"Building data origins","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fbuilding-data-origins","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F5.building-data-origins","Where TESSA gets building data for district heating studies, from Swiss RegBL and swissTLM3D to user imports, including known limitations and how gaps are filled.",{"title":1522,"path":1523,"stem":1524,"description":1525},"Data quality and confidence","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fbuildings\u002Fdata-quality-and-confidence","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F3.buildings\u002F6.data-quality-and-confidence","How TESSA tracks the origin of each building value in a district heating study so you know which data to trust and where to focus manual review.",{"title":1031,"description":18,"path":1527,"stem":1528,"children":1529,"page":53},"\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fclimate","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F4.climate",[1530],{"title":1531,"path":1532,"stem":1533,"description":1534},"Climate data","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fclimate\u002Fclimate-data","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F4.climate\u002F1.climate-data","How TESSA uses Typical Meteorological Year and future climate data to drive heating and cooling demand, with sources, variables and coverage.",{"title":1536,"description":18,"path":1537,"stem":1538,"children":1539,"page":53},"Energy sources","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fenergy-sources","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F5.energy-sources",[1540],{"title":1541,"path":1542,"stem":1543,"description":1544},"Energy sources reference","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fenergy-sources\u002Fenergy-sources","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F5.energy-sources\u002F1.energy-sources","This page documents the built-in fuel and thermal source presets that TESSA uses to initialise heat source techno-economic parameters. All default values are calibrated for Switzerland (CHF, 2020–2023 cost level). They can be overridden per-scenario in the network inspector.",{"title":1546,"description":18,"path":1547,"stem":1548,"children":1549,"page":53},"Network","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fnetwork","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F6.network",[1550,1555,1560],{"title":1551,"path":1552,"stem":1553,"description":1554},"Pipe specifications","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fnetwork\u002Fpipe-specifications","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F6.network\u002F1.pipe-specifications","Each thermal network carries its own pipe specification table — an editable, per-network lookup keyed on nominal diameter (DN) and material. It defines the geometry (inner\u002Fouter diameter, wall thickness), the hydraulic friction roughness, the velocity envelope, and the pressure-gradient limits the pipe sizer is allowed to use.",{"title":1556,"path":1557,"stem":1558,"description":1559},"Cost table format","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fnetwork\u002Fcost-table-format","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F6.network\u002F2.cost-table-format","TESSA costs the pipe network from a DN-indexed cost table giving a cost per metre for each nominal diameter. You can build this table three ways:",{"title":1561,"path":1562,"stem":1563,"description":1564},"Network import format","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fnetwork\u002Fnetwork-import-format","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F6.network\u002F3.network-import-format","TESSA can create a pipe network from an existing set of line geometries (e.g., a GIS layer representing existing or planned pipes). This is done via the Import network geometry tool (Create DHN from linestrings).",{"title":1566,"description":18,"path":1567,"stem":1568,"children":1569,"page":53},"Load curves","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fload-curves","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F7.load-curves",[1570],{"title":1571,"path":1572,"stem":1573,"description":1574},"Load curve format","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fload-curves\u002Fload-curve-format","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F7.load-curves\u002F1.load-curve-format","A load curve is an hourly time series of thermal power demand. TESSA can accept custom load curves at the district level (replacing or supplementing the computed demand) and at the building level (for individual buildings with measured consumption data).",{"title":1576,"description":18,"path":1577,"stem":1578,"children":1579,"page":53},"Exports","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fexports","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F8.exports",[1580],{"title":1581,"path":1582,"stem":1583,"description":1584},"Export formats","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fexports\u002Fexport-formats","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F8.exports\u002F1.export-formats","TESSA provides several ways to extract results and geometry from a scenario for use in external tools.",{"title":1586,"description":18,"path":1587,"stem":1588,"children":1589,"page":53},"Conventions","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fconventions","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F9.conventions",[1590,1594],{"title":1591,"path":1592,"stem":1593,"description":123},"Units and conventions","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fconventions\u002Funits-and-conventions","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F9.conventions\u002F1.units-and-conventions",{"title":1595,"path":1596,"stem":1597,"description":123},"Coordinate systems","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Fdata\u002Fconventions\u002Fcoordinate-systems","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F9.conventions\u002F2.coordinate-systems",{"title":1599,"path":1600,"stem":1601,"description":1602},"Feature list","\u002Fdocs\u002Freference\u002Ffeature-list","docs\u002F4.reference\u002F5.feature-list","An index of what TESSA can do, grouped by area, with a link to the page for each feature.",{"title":1604,"path":1605,"stem":1606,"description":1607},"Version history","\u002Fdocs\u002Fversion-history","docs\u002F5.version-history","Release history and major milestones in TESSA, highlighting new capabilities, modeling enhancements, and workflow improvements across versions.",{"id":1609,"title":689,"body":1610,"description":692,"extension":2983,"meta":2984,"navigation":1673,"path":690,"seo":2986,"stem":691,"__hash__":2987},"docs_de\u002Fde\u002Fdocs\u002F4.reference\u002F4.data\u002F2.data-model\u002F2.networks-and-heat-sources-data-model.md",{"type":1611,"value":1612,"toc":2971},"minimark",[1613,1617,1628,1633,1645,1786,1789,1814,1817,1821,1824,1923,1943,1950,1955,1958,2020,2023,2027,2030,2122,2146,2149,2259,2262,2271,2275,2278,2333,2336,2456,2459,2490,2500,2503,2507,2510,2622,2625,2654,2659,2663,2666,2743,2746,2750,2753,2914,2917,2931,2935,2967],[1614,1615,1616],"p",{},"Das thermische Netz ist die Angebotsseite der Studie: die Leitungen, die das Arbeitsmedium verteilen, die Übergabestationen, die Gebäude an das Netz anschliessen, und die Energiezentralen und Wärmequellen, die die Wärme erzeugen. Diese Seite beschreibt, wie diese Teile organisiert sind — welche Entwurfsentscheidungen Sie auf jeder Ebene treffen und wie das Modell sie abbildet.",[1614,1618,1619,1620,1623,1624,1627],{},"Zum Projekt-\u002FSzenariocontainer siehe ",[1621,1622,65],"a",{"href":865},". Zum Quartier und den Gebäuden, die das Netz versorgt, siehe ",[1621,1625,1626],{"href":1483},"Datenmodell Quartiere und Gebäude",".",[1629,1630,1632],"h2",{"id":1631},"das-netz-auf-einen-blick","Das Netz auf einen Blick",[1614,1634,1635,1636,1640,1641,1644],{},"Ein thermisches Netz ist ein Graph aus ",[1637,1638,1639],"strong",{},"Knoten"," (den Punkten, an denen Leitungen zusammentreffen, Gebäude anzapfen und Wärme erzeugt wird) und ",[1637,1642,1643],{},"Kanten"," (den Leitungen, die das Medium zwischen ihnen führen), zusammen mit den technischen Parametern, die Medium, Einsatz und Finanzen steuern.",[1646,1647,1651],"pre",{"className":1648,"code":1649,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"language-mermaid shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","flowchart LR\n    D[\"🗺️ Quartier\"] --> TN[\"🔥 Thermisches Netz\"]\n\n    TN --> NODES[\"Knoten\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>⚙️ Energiezentralen\u003Cbr\u002F>🔌 Gebäude-Übergabestationen\u003Cbr\u002F>● Leitungsverzweigungen\"]\n    TN --> EDGES[\"Kanten\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>━━ Hauptleitungen\u003Cbr\u002F>━ Gebäudeanschlüsse\u003Cbr\u002F>━ Energiezentralen-Anschlüsse\"]\n\n    TN --> FL[\"💧 Arbeitsmedium\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Typ (Wasser \u002F Glykolgemisch)\u003Cbr\u002F>Vor-\u002FRücklauftemperaturen\"]\n    TN --> MD[\"Modus\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Heizen, Kühlen oder beides\"]\n    TN --> FIN[\"💰 Netzkosten\u003Cbr\u002F>und Tarife\"]\n    TN --> DC[\"📈 Aggregierte\u003Cbr\u002F>Bedarfskurve\"]\n\n    classDef district fill:#a5d6a7,stroke:#1b5e20,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20\n    classDef network fill:#ffab91,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef thermal fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef finance fill:#fffde7,stroke:#f9a825,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#f57f17\n    classDef fluid fill:#bbdefb,stroke:#0d47a1,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#0d47a1\n\n    class D district\n    class TN network\n    class NODES,EDGES,MD,DC thermal\n    class FIN finance\n    class FL fluid\n","mermaid",[1652,1653,1654,1662,1668,1675,1681,1687,1692,1698,1704,1710,1716,1721,1727,1733,1739,1745,1751,1756,1762,1768,1774,1780],"code",{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,1656,1659],"span",{"class":1657,"line":1658},"line",1,[1655,1660,1661],{},"flowchart LR\n",[1655,1663,1665],{"class":1657,"line":1664},2,[1655,1666,1667],{},"    D[\"🗺️ Quartier\"] --> TN[\"🔥 Thermisches Netz\"]\n",[1655,1669,1671],{"class":1657,"line":1670},3,[1655,1672,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},true,"\n",[1655,1676,1678],{"class":1657,"line":1677},4,[1655,1679,1680],{},"    TN --> NODES[\"Knoten\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>⚙️ Energiezentralen\u003Cbr\u002F>🔌 Gebäude-Übergabestationen\u003Cbr\u002F>● Leitungsverzweigungen\"]\n",[1655,1682,1684],{"class":1657,"line":1683},5,[1655,1685,1686],{},"    TN --> EDGES[\"Kanten\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>━━ Hauptleitungen\u003Cbr\u002F>━ Gebäudeanschlüsse\u003Cbr\u002F>━ Energiezentralen-Anschlüsse\"]\n",[1655,1688,1690],{"class":1657,"line":1689},6,[1655,1691,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,1693,1695],{"class":1657,"line":1694},7,[1655,1696,1697],{},"    TN --> FL[\"💧 Arbeitsmedium\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Typ (Wasser \u002F Glykolgemisch)\u003Cbr\u002F>Vor-\u002FRücklauftemperaturen\"]\n",[1655,1699,1701],{"class":1657,"line":1700},8,[1655,1702,1703],{},"    TN --> MD[\"Modus\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Heizen, Kühlen oder beides\"]\n",[1655,1705,1707],{"class":1657,"line":1706},9,[1655,1708,1709],{},"    TN --> FIN[\"💰 Netzkosten\u003Cbr\u002F>und Tarife\"]\n",[1655,1711,1713],{"class":1657,"line":1712},10,[1655,1714,1715],{},"    TN --> DC[\"📈 Aggregierte\u003Cbr\u002F>Bedarfskurve\"]\n",[1655,1717,1719],{"class":1657,"line":1718},11,[1655,1720,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,1722,1724],{"class":1657,"line":1723},12,[1655,1725,1726],{},"    classDef district fill:#a5d6a7,stroke:#1b5e20,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20\n",[1655,1728,1730],{"class":1657,"line":1729},13,[1655,1731,1732],{},"    classDef network fill:#ffab91,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,1734,1736],{"class":1657,"line":1735},14,[1655,1737,1738],{},"    classDef thermal fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,1740,1742],{"class":1657,"line":1741},15,[1655,1743,1744],{},"    classDef finance fill:#fffde7,stroke:#f9a825,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#f57f17\n",[1655,1746,1748],{"class":1657,"line":1747},16,[1655,1749,1750],{},"    classDef fluid fill:#bbdefb,stroke:#0d47a1,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#0d47a1\n",[1655,1752,1754],{"class":1657,"line":1753},17,[1655,1755,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,1757,1759],{"class":1657,"line":1758},18,[1655,1760,1761],{},"    class D district\n",[1655,1763,1765],{"class":1657,"line":1764},19,[1655,1766,1767],{},"    class TN network\n",[1655,1769,1771],{"class":1657,"line":1770},20,[1655,1772,1773],{},"    class NODES,EDGES,MD,DC thermal\n",[1655,1775,1777],{"class":1657,"line":1776},21,[1655,1778,1779],{},"    class FIN finance\n",[1655,1781,1783],{"class":1657,"line":1782},22,[1655,1784,1785],{},"    class FL fluid\n",[1614,1787,1788],{},"Drei technische Entscheidungen auf Netzebene prägen fast alles, was folgt:",[1790,1791,1792,1799,1808],"ul",{},[1793,1794,1795,1798],"li",{},[1637,1796,1797],{},"Der Modus."," Heizen, Kühlen oder kombiniertes Heizen und Kühlen. Er bestimmt, welche Bedarfe die Wärmequellen decken müssen und welche Simulationspfade gelten.",[1793,1800,1801,1804,1805,1627],{},[1637,1802,1803],{},"Die Vor- und Rücklauftemperaturen."," Zusammen mit dem Arbeitsmedium definieren sie die «Generation» des Netzes — Hochtemperatur-4-Leiter, Niedertemperatur-4-Leiter, Anergie \u002F 5G — und schränken ein, welche Arten von Quellen und Übergabestationen sinnvoll sind. Siehe ",[1621,1806,1807],{"href":1431},"Netzgenerationen",[1793,1809,1810,1813],{},[1637,1811,1812],{},"Das Arbeitsmedium."," Wasser für die meisten warmen Netze; ein Glykolgemisch für kalte Netze, wo Frostschutz nötig ist. Das Modell verwendet die Stoffeigenschaften des Mediums, um Dichte, Viskosität und Wärmekapazität zu berechnen, die in die Leitungsdimensionierung und die Pumpenberechnungen einfliessen.",[1614,1815,1816],{},"Die aggregierte Bedarfskurve ist der stündliche thermische Bedarf, den das Netz decken muss, summiert aus den angeschlossenen Gebäude-Übergabestationen. Der Dispatcher verwendet sie, um zu entscheiden, welche Quellen wann laufen.",[1629,1818,1820],{"id":1819},"knotentypen-verzweigungen-übergabestationen-energiezentralen","Knotentypen: Verzweigungen, Übergabestationen, Energiezentralen",[1614,1822,1823],{},"Die drei Knotentypen spielen unterschiedliche technische Rollen, obwohl sie im Graphen eine Position teilen.",[1646,1825,1827],{"className":1648,"code":1826,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart TD\n    EC[\"⚙️ Energiezentrale\u003Cbr\u002F>wo Wärme erzeugt wird\"]\n    BS[\"🔌 Gebäude-Übergabestation\u003Cbr\u002F>wo Wärme abgegeben wird\"]\n    CP[\"● Leitungsverzweigung\u003Cbr\u002F>wo sich Leitungen verzweigen\"]\n\n    EC -.speist Wärme ein in.- TN\n    BS -.entnimmt Wärme aus.- TN\n    CP -.leitet Durchfluss in.- TN\n\n    TN[\"🔥 Netz\"]\n\n    classDef ec fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef bs fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef cp fill:#ffffff,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef network fill:#ffab91,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n\n    class EC ec\n    class BS bs\n    class CP cp\n    class TN network\n",[1652,1828,1829,1834,1839,1844,1849,1853,1858,1863,1868,1872,1877,1881,1886,1891,1896,1900,1904,1909,1914,1919],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,1830,1831],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,1832,1833],{},"flowchart TD\n",[1655,1835,1836],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,1837,1838],{},"    EC[\"⚙️ Energiezentrale\u003Cbr\u002F>wo Wärme erzeugt wird\"]\n",[1655,1840,1841],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,1842,1843],{},"    BS[\"🔌 Gebäude-Übergabestation\u003Cbr\u002F>wo Wärme abgegeben wird\"]\n",[1655,1845,1846],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,1847,1848],{},"    CP[\"● Leitungsverzweigung\u003Cbr\u002F>wo sich Leitungen verzweigen\"]\n",[1655,1850,1851],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,1852,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,1854,1855],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,1856,1857],{},"    EC -.speist Wärme ein in.- TN\n",[1655,1859,1860],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,1861,1862],{},"    BS -.entnimmt Wärme aus.- TN\n",[1655,1864,1865],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,1866,1867],{},"    CP -.leitet Durchfluss in.- TN\n",[1655,1869,1870],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,1871,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,1873,1874],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,1875,1876],{},"    TN[\"🔥 Netz\"]\n",[1655,1878,1879],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,1880,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,1882,1883],{"class":1657,"line":1723},[1655,1884,1885],{},"    classDef ec fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,1887,1888],{"class":1657,"line":1729},[1655,1889,1890],{},"    classDef bs fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,1892,1893],{"class":1657,"line":1735},[1655,1894,1895],{},"    classDef cp fill:#ffffff,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,1897,1898],{"class":1657,"line":1741},[1655,1899,1732],{},[1655,1901,1902],{"class":1657,"line":1747},[1655,1903,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,1905,1906],{"class":1657,"line":1753},[1655,1907,1908],{},"    class EC ec\n",[1655,1910,1911],{"class":1657,"line":1758},[1655,1912,1913],{},"    class BS bs\n",[1655,1915,1916],{"class":1657,"line":1764},[1655,1917,1918],{},"    class CP cp\n",[1655,1920,1921],{"class":1657,"line":1770},[1655,1922,1767],{},[1790,1924,1925,1931,1937],{},[1793,1926,1927,1930],{},[1637,1928,1929],{},"Energiezentren"," sind dort, wo Sie eine oder mehrere Wärmequellen installieren — Kessel, Wärmepumpen, Biomasseanlagen, Erdsonden-Wärmepumpen mit einem Erdsondenfeld. Ein kleines Netz hat meist eine; ein grösseres Netz kann eine Grundlast-Energiezentrale plus eine Spitzenlasteinheit an anderer Stelle der Hauptleitung haben.",[1793,1932,1933,1936],{},[1637,1934,1935],{},"Gebäude-Übergabestationen"," sind die Schnittstelle zwischen einem Gebäude (oder einer kleinen Gruppe von Gebäuden mit einem gemeinsamen Anschluss) und dem Netz. Der Typ der Übergabestation — direkt, Wärmetauscher oder Booster-Wärmepumpe — bestimmt, wie die Wärme an dieser Schnittstelle übertragen wird.",[1793,1938,1939,1942],{},[1637,1940,1941],{},"Leitungsverzweigungen"," sind reine Routing-Knoten. Dort wird keine Wärme zugeführt oder entnommen. Sie erscheinen überall dort, wo sich die Topologie verzweigt.",[1614,1944,1945,1946,1949],{},"Sowohl Energiezentralen als auch Gebäude-Übergabestationen können eine oder mehrere ",[1637,1947,1948],{},"Umwälzpumpen"," enthalten.",[1951,1952,1954],"h3",{"id":1953},"typen-von-gebäude-übergabestationen","Typen von Gebäude-Übergabestationen",[1614,1956,1957],{},"Der Anschlusstyp an einer Gebäude-Übergabestation hängt von der Vorlauftemperatur des Netzes im Verhältnis zum Bedarf des Gebäudes ab.",[1646,1959,1961],{"className":1648,"code":1960,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart LR\n    DI[\"Direkt\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Netzwasser\u003Cbr\u002F>zirkuliert im\u003Cbr\u002F>Gebäudesystem\"]\n    HX[\"Wärmetauscher\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Hydraulische Trennung\u003Cbr\u002F>zwischen Netz\u003Cbr\u002F>und Gebäude\"]\n    BHP[\"Booster-Wärmepumpe\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Netz ist kalt;\u003Cbr\u002F>WP im Gebäude\u003Cbr\u002F>hebt die Temperatur an\"]\n\n    classDef direct fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef hx fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef bhp fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n\n    class DI direct\n    class HX hx\n    class BHP bhp\n",[1652,1962,1963,1967,1972,1977,1982,1986,1991,1996,2001,2005,2010,2015],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,1964,1965],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,1966,1661],{},[1655,1968,1969],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,1970,1971],{},"    DI[\"Direkt\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Netzwasser\u003Cbr\u002F>zirkuliert im\u003Cbr\u002F>Gebäudesystem\"]\n",[1655,1973,1974],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,1975,1976],{},"    HX[\"Wärmetauscher\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Hydraulische Trennung\u003Cbr\u002F>zwischen Netz\u003Cbr\u002F>und Gebäude\"]\n",[1655,1978,1979],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,1980,1981],{},"    BHP[\"Booster-Wärmepumpe\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Netz ist kalt;\u003Cbr\u002F>WP im Gebäude\u003Cbr\u002F>hebt die Temperatur an\"]\n",[1655,1983,1984],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,1985,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,1987,1988],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,1989,1990],{},"    classDef direct fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,1992,1993],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,1994,1995],{},"    classDef hx fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,1997,1998],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,1999,2000],{},"    classDef bhp fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,2002,2003],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,2004,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2006,2007],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,2008,2009],{},"    class DI direct\n",[1655,2011,2012],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,2013,2014],{},"    class HX hx\n",[1655,2016,2017],{"class":1657,"line":1723},[1655,2018,2019],{},"    class BHP bhp\n",[1614,2021,2022],{},"Die Wahl hat Folgewirkungen: Eine Übergabestation mit Booster-Wärmepumpe braucht eine Stromversorgung und trägt ihren eigenen Wirkungsgrad und ihre Emissionen zum Dispatch-Bild bei. Ein Wärmetauscher führt einen Temperaturabfall ein, der in der Vorlauftemperatur des Netzes berücksichtigt werden muss.",[1629,2024,2026],{"id":2025},"kanten-leitungen-und-anschlüsse","Kanten: Leitungen und Anschlüsse",[1614,2028,2029],{},"Der Graph hat drei Arten von Kanten. Sie teilen den Grossteil ihrer Daten — Geometrie, Abmessungen, Durchfluss, Hydraulik —, verbinden aber unterschiedliche Knotentypen.",[1646,2031,2033],{"className":1648,"code":2032,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart LR\n    EC[\"⚙️ Energie-\u003Cbr\u002F>zentrale\"]\n    J1[\"●\"]\n    J2[\"●\"]\n    BS1[\"🔌 Übergabestation\"]\n    BS2[\"🔌 Übergabestation\"]\n\n    EC ===|\"━━ EZ-Anschluss\"| J1\n    J1 ===|\"━━ Hauptleitung\"| J2\n    J1 ===|\"━ Gebäudeanschluss\"| BS1\n    J2 ===|\"━ Gebäudeanschluss\"| BS2\n\n    classDef ec fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef bs fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef cp fill:#ffffff,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n\n    class EC ec\n    class BS1,BS2 bs\n    class J1,J2 cp\n",[1652,2034,2035,2039,2044,2049,2054,2059,2064,2068,2073,2078,2083,2088,2092,2096,2100,2104,2108,2112,2117],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,2036,2037],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,2038,1661],{},[1655,2040,2041],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,2042,2043],{},"    EC[\"⚙️ Energie-\u003Cbr\u002F>zentrale\"]\n",[1655,2045,2046],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,2047,2048],{},"    J1[\"●\"]\n",[1655,2050,2051],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,2052,2053],{},"    J2[\"●\"]\n",[1655,2055,2056],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,2057,2058],{},"    BS1[\"🔌 Übergabestation\"]\n",[1655,2060,2061],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,2062,2063],{},"    BS2[\"🔌 Übergabestation\"]\n",[1655,2065,2066],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,2067,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2069,2070],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,2071,2072],{},"    EC ===|\"━━ EZ-Anschluss\"| J1\n",[1655,2074,2075],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,2076,2077],{},"    J1 ===|\"━━ Hauptleitung\"| J2\n",[1655,2079,2080],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,2081,2082],{},"    J1 ===|\"━ Gebäudeanschluss\"| BS1\n",[1655,2084,2085],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,2086,2087],{},"    J2 ===|\"━ Gebäudeanschluss\"| BS2\n",[1655,2089,2090],{"class":1657,"line":1723},[1655,2091,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2093,2094],{"class":1657,"line":1729},[1655,2095,1885],{},[1655,2097,2098],{"class":1657,"line":1735},[1655,2099,1890],{},[1655,2101,2102],{"class":1657,"line":1741},[1655,2103,1895],{},[1655,2105,2106],{"class":1657,"line":1747},[1655,2107,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2109,2110],{"class":1657,"line":1753},[1655,2111,1908],{},[1655,2113,2114],{"class":1657,"line":1758},[1655,2115,2116],{},"    class BS1,BS2 bs\n",[1655,2118,2119],{"class":1657,"line":1764},[1655,2120,2121],{},"    class J1,J2 cp\n",[1790,2123,2124,2130,2140],{},[1793,2125,2126,2129],{},[1637,2127,2128],{},"Hauptleitungen"," bilden die Stamm-und-Ast-Topologie (oder vermaschte Topologie) zwischen Verzweigungen.",[1793,2131,2132,2135,2136,2139],{},[1637,2133,2134],{},"Gebäudeanschlüsse"," sind die kurzen Leitungen von einer Verzweigung der Hauptleitung zu einer Gebäude-Übergabestation. Sie haben einen zusätzlichen Parameter — einen ",[1637,2137,2138],{},"aktiven Anteil"," zwischen 0 und 1 —, mit dem Sie den Anschluss eines Gebäudes teilweise oder ganz deaktivieren können, ohne ihn aus der Topologie zu entfernen; nützlich bei der Modellierung gestaffelter Anschlüsse.",[1793,2141,2142,2145],{},[1637,2143,2144],{},"Energiezentralen-Anschlüsse"," sind die analogen kurzen Leitungen von einer Energiezentrale zu einer Verzweigung.",[1614,2147,2148],{},"Was an jeder Leitung gespeichert wird:",[1646,2150,2152],{"className":1648,"code":2151,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart LR\n    P[\"━━ Leitung\"]\n\n    GEO[\"Geometrie\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Länge\u003Cbr\u002F>Höhendifferenz\"]\n    DIM[\"Abmessungen\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Nennweite\u003Cbr\u002F>Innendurchmesser\"]\n    FLOW[\"Durchfluss\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Massenstrom\u003Cbr\u002F>Volumenstrom\u003Cbr\u002F>Geschwindigkeit\"]\n    HYD[\"Hydraulik\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Druckhöhenverlust (Darcy-Weisbach)\u003Cbr\u002F>Druckverlust\"]\n    EN[\"Energie\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Transportierte Wärme\u003Cbr\u002F>Wärmeverluste\u003Cbr\u002F>Leistung\"]\n    LIFE[\"Kosten & Lebensdauer\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Investitionskosten\u003Cbr\u002F>Baujahr\"]\n\n    P --- GEO\n    P --- DIM\n    P --- FLOW\n    P --- HYD\n    P --- EN\n    P --- LIFE\n\n    classDef pipe fill:#ffab91,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef field fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n\n    class P pipe\n    class GEO,DIM,FLOW,HYD,EN,LIFE field\n",[1652,2153,2154,2158,2163,2167,2172,2177,2182,2187,2192,2197,2201,2206,2211,2216,2221,2226,2231,2235,2240,2245,2249,2254],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,2155,2156],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,2157,1661],{},[1655,2159,2160],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,2161,2162],{},"    P[\"━━ Leitung\"]\n",[1655,2164,2165],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,2166,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2168,2169],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,2170,2171],{},"    GEO[\"Geometrie\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Länge\u003Cbr\u002F>Höhendifferenz\"]\n",[1655,2173,2174],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,2175,2176],{},"    DIM[\"Abmessungen\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Nennweite\u003Cbr\u002F>Innendurchmesser\"]\n",[1655,2178,2179],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,2180,2181],{},"    FLOW[\"Durchfluss\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Massenstrom\u003Cbr\u002F>Volumenstrom\u003Cbr\u002F>Geschwindigkeit\"]\n",[1655,2183,2184],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,2185,2186],{},"    HYD[\"Hydraulik\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Druckhöhenverlust (Darcy-Weisbach)\u003Cbr\u002F>Druckverlust\"]\n",[1655,2188,2189],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,2190,2191],{},"    EN[\"Energie\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Transportierte Wärme\u003Cbr\u002F>Wärmeverluste\u003Cbr\u002F>Leistung\"]\n",[1655,2193,2194],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,2195,2196],{},"    LIFE[\"Kosten & Lebensdauer\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Investitionskosten\u003Cbr\u002F>Baujahr\"]\n",[1655,2198,2199],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,2200,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2202,2203],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,2204,2205],{},"    P --- GEO\n",[1655,2207,2208],{"class":1657,"line":1723},[1655,2209,2210],{},"    P --- DIM\n",[1655,2212,2213],{"class":1657,"line":1729},[1655,2214,2215],{},"    P --- FLOW\n",[1655,2217,2218],{"class":1657,"line":1735},[1655,2219,2220],{},"    P --- HYD\n",[1655,2222,2223],{"class":1657,"line":1741},[1655,2224,2225],{},"    P --- EN\n",[1655,2227,2228],{"class":1657,"line":1747},[1655,2229,2230],{},"    P --- LIFE\n",[1655,2232,2233],{"class":1657,"line":1753},[1655,2234,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2236,2237],{"class":1657,"line":1758},[1655,2238,2239],{},"    classDef pipe fill:#ffab91,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,2241,2242],{"class":1657,"line":1764},[1655,2243,2244],{},"    classDef field fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,2246,2247],{"class":1657,"line":1770},[1655,2248,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2250,2251],{"class":1657,"line":1776},[1655,2252,2253],{},"    class P pipe\n",[1655,2255,2256],{"class":1657,"line":1782},[1655,2257,2258],{},"    class GEO,DIM,FLOW,HYD,EN,LIFE field\n",[1614,2260,2261],{},"Bei einem Netz, das ausgelegt, aber noch nicht dimensioniert wurde, sind Geometrie und Topologie befüllt; die Abmessungen werden im Schritt der Leitungsdimensionierung ergänzt; Durchfluss-, Hydraulik- und Energiefelder werden von der Simulation befüllt. Deshalb zeigt ein frisch ausgelegtes Netz null Druckhöhenverlust und null Wärmeverlust, bis Sie Dimensionierung und Simulation ausführen.",[1614,2263,2264,2265,2267,2268,2270],{},"Siehe ",[1621,2266,647],{"href":1446}," zur Dimensionierungsmethode und ",[1621,2269,652],{"href":1451}," dazu, was der Simulator berechnet.",[1629,2272,2274],{"id":2273},"wärmequellen-an-einer-energiezentrale","Wärmequellen an einer Energiezentrale",[1614,2276,2277],{},"Eine einzelne Energiezentrale hat meist mehr als eine Wärmequelle — eine Grundlasteinheit plus eine Spitzenlasteinheit oder eine Haupteinheit plus eine Reserve. TESSA modelliert jede als eigenes Objekt, damit der Dispatcher zwischen ihnen wählen kann, die Kostenberechnung CAPEX und OPEX korrekt summiert und der Bericht Energie und Emissionen jedem Brennstoff zuordnen kann.",[1646,2279,2281],{"className":1648,"code":2280,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart TD\n    EC[\"⚙️ Energiezentrale\"]\n    EC --> TS1[\"🔥 Quelle 1\u003Cbr\u002F>z. B. Wärmepumpe\u003Cbr\u002F>(Grundlast)\"]\n    EC --> TS2[\"🔥 Quelle 2\u003Cbr\u002F>z. B. Gaskessel\u003Cbr\u002F>(Spitzenlast)\"]\n    EC --> TS3[\"🔥 Quelle 3\u003Cbr\u002F>z. B. Solarthermie\u003Cbr\u002F>(saisonale Ergänzung)\"]\n\n    classDef ec fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef src fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n\n    class EC ec\n    class TS1,TS2,TS3 src\n",[1652,2282,2283,2287,2292,2297,2302,2307,2311,2315,2320,2324,2328],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,2284,2285],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,2286,1833],{},[1655,2288,2289],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,2290,2291],{},"    EC[\"⚙️ Energiezentrale\"]\n",[1655,2293,2294],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,2295,2296],{},"    EC --> TS1[\"🔥 Quelle 1\u003Cbr\u002F>z. B. Wärmepumpe\u003Cbr\u002F>(Grundlast)\"]\n",[1655,2298,2299],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,2300,2301],{},"    EC --> TS2[\"🔥 Quelle 2\u003Cbr\u002F>z. B. Gaskessel\u003Cbr\u002F>(Spitzenlast)\"]\n",[1655,2303,2304],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,2305,2306],{},"    EC --> TS3[\"🔥 Quelle 3\u003Cbr\u002F>z. B. Solarthermie\u003Cbr\u002F>(saisonale Ergänzung)\"]\n",[1655,2308,2309],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,2310,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2312,2313],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,2314,1885],{},[1655,2316,2317],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,2318,2319],{},"    classDef src fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,2321,2322],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,2323,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2325,2326],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,2327,1908],{},[1655,2329,2330],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,2331,2332],{},"    class TS1,TS2,TS3 src\n",[1614,2334,2335],{},"Was jede Wärmequelle trägt:",[1646,2337,2339],{"className":1648,"code":2338,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart LR\n    TS[\"🔥 Wärmequelle\"]\n\n    OP[\"Betrieb\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Modus (Heizen \u002F Kühlen \u002F beides)\u003Cbr\u002F>Wirkungsgrad \u002F COP \u002F SPF\u003Cbr\u002F>Rang im Einsatz\"]\n    PWR[\"Dimensionierung\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Nennleistung nutzbar\u003Cbr\u002F>Nennleistung final\u003Cbr\u002F>Jahresenergie nutzbar \u002F final\"]\n    FU[\"Brennstoff\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Preis (Währung \u002F kWh)\u003Cbr\u002F>CO₂-Intensität (kg \u002F kWh)\"]\n    SC[\"Ergebnis\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Stündliche Lieferkurve\u003Cbr\u002F>Volllaststunden\"]\n    FIN[\"Kosten\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Investition pro kW\u003Cbr\u002F>Fixe & variable Betriebs- und Unterhaltskosten\u003Cbr\u002F>Lebensdauer\"]\n    EM[\"Emissionen\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>CO₂eq, NOx, CO,\u003Cbr\u002F>SOx, PM10, PM2.5\"]\n\n    TS --- OP\n    TS --- PWR\n    TS --- FU\n    TS --- SC\n    TS --- FIN\n    TS --- EM\n\n    classDef src fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef field fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef finance fill:#fffde7,stroke:#f9a825,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#f57f17\n\n    class TS src\n    class OP,PWR,SC,EM field\n    class FU,FIN finance\n",[1652,2340,2341,2345,2350,2354,2359,2364,2369,2374,2379,2384,2388,2393,2398,2403,2408,2413,2418,2422,2426,2431,2435,2439,2444,2450],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,2342,2343],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,2344,1661],{},[1655,2346,2347],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,2348,2349],{},"    TS[\"🔥 Wärmequelle\"]\n",[1655,2351,2352],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,2353,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2355,2356],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,2357,2358],{},"    OP[\"Betrieb\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Modus (Heizen \u002F Kühlen \u002F beides)\u003Cbr\u002F>Wirkungsgrad \u002F COP \u002F SPF\u003Cbr\u002F>Rang im Einsatz\"]\n",[1655,2360,2361],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,2362,2363],{},"    PWR[\"Dimensionierung\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Nennleistung nutzbar\u003Cbr\u002F>Nennleistung final\u003Cbr\u002F>Jahresenergie nutzbar \u002F final\"]\n",[1655,2365,2366],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,2367,2368],{},"    FU[\"Brennstoff\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Preis (Währung \u002F kWh)\u003Cbr\u002F>CO₂-Intensität (kg \u002F kWh)\"]\n",[1655,2370,2371],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,2372,2373],{},"    SC[\"Ergebnis\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Stündliche Lieferkurve\u003Cbr\u002F>Volllaststunden\"]\n",[1655,2375,2376],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,2377,2378],{},"    FIN[\"Kosten\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Investition pro kW\u003Cbr\u002F>Fixe & variable Betriebs- und Unterhaltskosten\u003Cbr\u002F>Lebensdauer\"]\n",[1655,2380,2381],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,2382,2383],{},"    EM[\"Emissionen\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>CO₂eq, NOx, CO,\u003Cbr\u002F>SOx, PM10, PM2.5\"]\n",[1655,2385,2386],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,2387,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2389,2390],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,2391,2392],{},"    TS --- OP\n",[1655,2394,2395],{"class":1657,"line":1723},[1655,2396,2397],{},"    TS --- PWR\n",[1655,2399,2400],{"class":1657,"line":1729},[1655,2401,2402],{},"    TS --- FU\n",[1655,2404,2405],{"class":1657,"line":1735},[1655,2406,2407],{},"    TS --- SC\n",[1655,2409,2410],{"class":1657,"line":1741},[1655,2411,2412],{},"    TS --- FIN\n",[1655,2414,2415],{"class":1657,"line":1747},[1655,2416,2417],{},"    TS --- EM\n",[1655,2419,2420],{"class":1657,"line":1753},[1655,2421,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2423,2424],{"class":1657,"line":1758},[1655,2425,2319],{},[1655,2427,2428],{"class":1657,"line":1764},[1655,2429,2430],{},"    classDef field fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,2432,2433],{"class":1657,"line":1770},[1655,2434,1744],{},[1655,2436,2437],{"class":1657,"line":1776},[1655,2438,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2440,2441],{"class":1657,"line":1782},[1655,2442,2443],{},"    class TS src\n",[1655,2445,2447],{"class":1657,"line":2446},23,[1655,2448,2449],{},"    class OP,PWR,SC,EM field\n",[1655,2451,2453],{"class":1657,"line":2452},24,[1655,2454,2455],{},"    class FU,FIN finance\n",[1614,2457,2458],{},"Zwei Paare von Grössen sollte man klar verstehen:",[1790,2460,2461,2476],{},[1793,2462,2463,2466,2467,2471,2472,2475],{},[1637,2464,2465],{},"Nutzbare vs. finale Leistung und Energie."," ",[2468,2469,2470],"em",{},"Nutzbar"," ist, was an das Netz abgegeben wird; ",[2468,2473,2474],{},"final"," ist, was als Brennstoff oder Strom verbraucht wird. Das Verhältnis ist der Wirkungsgrad oder COP der Quelle. Berichte verwenden beide — nutzbar für Dimensionierung und Einsatz, final für Kosten und Emissionen.",[1793,2477,2478,2481,2482,2485,2486,2489],{},[1637,2479,2480],{},"Grenzkosten und Grenz-CO₂."," Werden automatisch als ",[1652,2483,2484],{},"(1 \u002F efficiency) × fuel_price"," und ",[1652,2487,2488],{},"(1 \u002F efficiency) × fuel_CO₂"," berechnet. Sie steuern den Merit-Order-Dispatch, wenn mehrere Quellen den Bedarf decken können.",[1614,2491,2492,2493,2496,2497,1627],{},"Wie die Quellen in jeder Stunde gewählt werden — strikte Merit Order, Must-Run, Kapazitätsanteil — wird durch die ",[1637,2494,2495],{},"Zuteilungsstrategie"," bestimmt, die an der Energiezentrale festgelegt ist. Siehe ",[1621,2498,2499],{"href":1456},"Zuteilung bei mehreren Quellen",[1614,2501,2502],{},"Dasselbe Wärmequellenobjekt wird auch an Gebäude-Übergabestationen verwendet, wenn der Typ der Übergabestation «Booster-Wärmepumpe» ist — die Booster-WP ist eine Wärmequelle, die der Übergabestation statt einer Energiezentrale zugeordnet ist.",[1629,2504,2506],{"id":2505},"erdsondenfelder","Erdsondenfelder",[1614,2508,2509],{},"Ein Erdsondenfeld ist eine besondere Art von Wärmequelle — ein erdgekoppelter Wärmetauscher, den eine Wärmepumpe als Kältequelle nutzt. Da ein Feld entweder von einer Energiezentrale (einer zentralen Erdwärmepumpe) oder von mehreren Gebäude-Übergabestationen (einem Netz von Booster-WP mit gemeinsamem Kreis) referenziert werden kann, liegt es auf Szenarioebene statt innerhalb einer einzelnen Übergabestation.",[1646,2511,2513],{"className":1648,"code":2512,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart TD\n    SC[\"📄 Szenario\"] --> BF[\"🌍 Erdsondenfeld\"]\n    EC[\"⚙️ Energiezentrale\"] -.nutzt als Erdwärmequelle.-> BF\n    BS[\"🔌 Gebäude-Übergabestation\"] -.nutzt als Erdwärmequelle.-> BF\n\n    BF --> CFG[\"Konfiguration\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Anzahl und Anordnung\u003Cbr\u002F>der Erdsonden\u003Cbr\u002F>Abstand\"]\n    BF --> DSGN[\"Erdsondenauslegung\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Einfach- oder Doppel-U-Rohr\u003Cbr\u002F>Rohrradien\u003Cbr\u002F>Länge, Tiefe\u003Cbr\u002F>Hinterfüllung\"]\n    BF --> GR[\"Untergrund\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Wärmeleitfähigkeit\u003Cbr\u002F>Volumetrische Wärmekapazität\u003Cbr\u002F>Ungestörte Temperatur\"]\n    BF --> FL[\"Arbeitsmedium\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Wasser oder Glykolgemisch\"]\n    BF --> RG[\"Regenerationsquellen\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Solarthermie, Trockenkühler,\u003Cbr\u002F>Abwärme, …\"]\n    BF --> OP[\"Ergebnis\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Stündliche Medientemperaturen\u003Cbr\u002F>Stündlich entzogen \u002F eingespeist\u003Cbr\u002F>Wärmebilanzverhältnis\"]\n\n    classDef scenario fill:#c5cae9,stroke:#000072,stroke-width:2px,color:#000072\n    classDef bf fill:#d7ccc8,stroke:#3e2723,stroke-width:2px,color:#3e2723\n    classDef ec fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef bs fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef field fill:#efebe9,stroke:#5d4037,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#3e2723\n\n    class SC scenario\n    class BF bf\n    class EC ec\n    class BS bs\n    class CFG,DSGN,GR,FL,RG,OP field\n",[1652,2514,2515,2519,2524,2529,2534,2538,2543,2548,2553,2558,2563,2568,2572,2577,2582,2586,2590,2595,2599,2604,2609,2613,2617],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,2516,2517],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,2518,1833],{},[1655,2520,2521],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,2522,2523],{},"    SC[\"📄 Szenario\"] --> BF[\"🌍 Erdsondenfeld\"]\n",[1655,2525,2526],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,2527,2528],{},"    EC[\"⚙️ Energiezentrale\"] -.nutzt als Erdwärmequelle.-> BF\n",[1655,2530,2531],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,2532,2533],{},"    BS[\"🔌 Gebäude-Übergabestation\"] -.nutzt als Erdwärmequelle.-> BF\n",[1655,2535,2536],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,2537,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2539,2540],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,2541,2542],{},"    BF --> CFG[\"Konfiguration\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Anzahl und Anordnung\u003Cbr\u002F>der Erdsonden\u003Cbr\u002F>Abstand\"]\n",[1655,2544,2545],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,2546,2547],{},"    BF --> DSGN[\"Erdsondenauslegung\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Einfach- oder Doppel-U-Rohr\u003Cbr\u002F>Rohrradien\u003Cbr\u002F>Länge, Tiefe\u003Cbr\u002F>Hinterfüllung\"]\n",[1655,2549,2550],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,2551,2552],{},"    BF --> GR[\"Untergrund\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Wärmeleitfähigkeit\u003Cbr\u002F>Volumetrische Wärmekapazität\u003Cbr\u002F>Ungestörte Temperatur\"]\n",[1655,2554,2555],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,2556,2557],{},"    BF --> FL[\"Arbeitsmedium\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Wasser oder Glykolgemisch\"]\n",[1655,2559,2560],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,2561,2562],{},"    BF --> RG[\"Regenerationsquellen\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Solarthermie, Trockenkühler,\u003Cbr\u002F>Abwärme, …\"]\n",[1655,2564,2565],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,2566,2567],{},"    BF --> OP[\"Ergebnis\u003Cbr\u002F>━━━━━━━━\u003Cbr\u002F>Stündliche Medientemperaturen\u003Cbr\u002F>Stündlich entzogen \u002F eingespeist\u003Cbr\u002F>Wärmebilanzverhältnis\"]\n",[1655,2569,2570],{"class":1657,"line":1723},[1655,2571,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2573,2574],{"class":1657,"line":1729},[1655,2575,2576],{},"    classDef scenario fill:#c5cae9,stroke:#000072,stroke-width:2px,color:#000072\n",[1655,2578,2579],{"class":1657,"line":1735},[1655,2580,2581],{},"    classDef bf fill:#d7ccc8,stroke:#3e2723,stroke-width:2px,color:#3e2723\n",[1655,2583,2584],{"class":1657,"line":1741},[1655,2585,1885],{},[1655,2587,2588],{"class":1657,"line":1747},[1655,2589,1890],{},[1655,2591,2592],{"class":1657,"line":1753},[1655,2593,2594],{},"    classDef field fill:#efebe9,stroke:#5d4037,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#3e2723\n",[1655,2596,2597],{"class":1657,"line":1758},[1655,2598,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2600,2601],{"class":1657,"line":1764},[1655,2602,2603],{},"    class SC scenario\n",[1655,2605,2606],{"class":1657,"line":1770},[1655,2607,2608],{},"    class BF bf\n",[1655,2610,2611],{"class":1657,"line":1776},[1655,2612,1908],{},[1655,2614,2615],{"class":1657,"line":1782},[1655,2616,1913],{},[1655,2618,2619],{"class":1657,"line":2446},[1655,2620,2621],{},"    class CFG,DSGN,GR,FL,RG,OP field\n",[1614,2623,2624],{},"Die für die Auslegung wichtigen Teile:",[1790,2626,2627,2633,2639,2649],{},[1793,2628,2629,2632],{},[1637,2630,2631],{},"Konfiguration und Auslegung."," Anzahl, Abstand und Tiefe der Erdsonden; ob sie als Einfach- oder Doppel-U-Rohr ausgeführt sind. Alle Erdsonden eines Feldes teilen dieselbe Auslegung.",[1793,2634,2635,2638],{},[1637,2636,2637],{},"Untergrund."," Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit, die volumetrische Wärmekapazität und die ungestörte Untergrundtemperatur der lokalen Geologie. Diese stammen, wo verfügbar, aus einem Thermal Response Test (TRT) oder aus typischen regionalen Werten.",[1793,2640,2641,2644,2645,2648],{},[1637,2642,2643],{},"Regenerationsquellen."," Wärmequellen, deren Aufgabe es ist, im Sommer Wärme in den Untergrund einzuspeisen, um den winterlichen Entzug auszugleichen. Ohne Regeneration kühlt ein heizdominiertes Feld den Untergrund über die Jahre aus, und der COP der Wärmepumpe sinkt. Das ",[1637,2646,2647],{},"Wärmebilanzverhältnis"," (jährliche Einspeisung ÷ jährlicher Entzug) ist die zentrale Zahl, die man beobachten sollte — typischerweise soll es bei einem langlebigen Feld nahe 1 liegen.",[1793,2650,2651,2653],{},[1637,2652,1812],{}," Oft ein Glykolgemisch, weil Erdsondenkreise unter 0 °C laufen können, auch wenn der Rest des Netzes mit Wasser betrieben wird.",[1614,2655,2656,2657,1627],{},"Erdsondenfelder haben ihre eigene Simulation, die stündliche Medientemperaturen und den Beitrag des Feldes zum COP der Wärmepumpe liefert. Siehe ",[1621,2658,662],{"href":1461},[1629,2660,2662],{"id":2661},"pumpen-und-der-hydraulische-kreis","Pumpen und der hydraulische Kreis",[1614,2664,2665],{},"Pumpen befinden sich an Stationen — an Energiezentralen und an Gebäude-Übergabestationen — und sind Teil der Berechnung des hydraulischen Kreises, nicht des Wärmequellen-Dispatch.",[1646,2667,2669],{"className":1648,"code":2668,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart LR\n    SS[\"⚙️ \u002F 🔌 Station\"] --> PM[\"💧 Pumpe\"]\n    PM --- RP[\"Nennleistung\"]\n    PM --- EFF[\"Wirkungsgrad\"]\n    PM --- FL[\"Auslegungsdurchfluss\"]\n    PM --- HD[\"Förderhöhe\"]\n    PM --- LIFE[\"Kosten & Lebensdauer\"]\n\n    classDef ss fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef pump fill:#bbdefb,stroke:#0d47a1,stroke-width:2px,color:#0d47a1\n    classDef field fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#1565c0,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#0d47a1\n\n    class SS ss\n    class PM pump\n    class RP,EFF,FL,HD,LIFE field\n",[1652,2670,2671,2675,2680,2685,2690,2695,2700,2705,2709,2714,2719,2724,2728,2733,2738],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,2672,2673],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,2674,1661],{},[1655,2676,2677],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,2678,2679],{},"    SS[\"⚙️ \u002F 🔌 Station\"] --> PM[\"💧 Pumpe\"]\n",[1655,2681,2682],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,2683,2684],{},"    PM --- RP[\"Nennleistung\"]\n",[1655,2686,2687],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,2688,2689],{},"    PM --- EFF[\"Wirkungsgrad\"]\n",[1655,2691,2692],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,2693,2694],{},"    PM --- FL[\"Auslegungsdurchfluss\"]\n",[1655,2696,2697],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,2698,2699],{},"    PM --- HD[\"Förderhöhe\"]\n",[1655,2701,2702],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,2703,2704],{},"    PM --- LIFE[\"Kosten & Lebensdauer\"]\n",[1655,2706,2707],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,2708,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2710,2711],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,2712,2713],{},"    classDef ss fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,2715,2716],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,2717,2718],{},"    classDef pump fill:#bbdefb,stroke:#0d47a1,stroke-width:2px,color:#0d47a1\n",[1655,2720,2721],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,2722,2723],{},"    classDef field fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#1565c0,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#0d47a1\n",[1655,2725,2726],{"class":1657,"line":1723},[1655,2727,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2729,2730],{"class":1657,"line":1729},[1655,2731,2732],{},"    class SS ss\n",[1655,2734,2735],{"class":1657,"line":1735},[1655,2736,2737],{},"    class PM pump\n",[1655,2739,2740],{"class":1657,"line":1741},[1655,2741,2742],{},"    class RP,EFF,FL,HD,LIFE field\n",[1614,2744,2745],{},"Der Simulator löst die Druckverluste des Netzes, um die Förderhöhe zu bestimmen, die die Pumpe überwinden muss, und dimensioniert dann die Nennleistung der Pumpe aus Auslegungsdurchfluss, Förderhöhe und angenommenem Wirkungsgrad. Der Pumpenstromverbrauch erscheint in den Betriebskosten des Netzes und in dessen CO₂-Zahlen.",[1629,2747,2749],{"id":2748},"alles-zusammen","Alles zusammen",[1614,2751,2752],{},"Das folgende Diagramm zeigt ein einfaches, aber vollständiges Bild: eine Energiezentrale mit einem Portfolio aus Wärmepumpe und Kessel, drei Gebäude-Übergabestationen an einer kurzen Hauptleitung und ein Erdsondenfeld als Erdwärmequelle für die Wärmepumpe.",[1646,2754,2756],{"className":1648,"code":2755,"language":1650,"meta":123,"style":123},"flowchart TD\n    EC[\"⚙️ Energiezentrale\u003Cbr\u002F>WP + Kessel\"]\n    EC --> ECC[\"━━ EZ-Anschluss\"]\n    ECC --> J1[\"● Verzweigung 1\"]\n    J1 ===|\"━━ Hauptleitung\"| J2[\"● Verzweigung 2\"]\n    J1 -->|\"━ Anschluss\"| BS1[\"🔌 Übergabestation A\u003Cbr\u002F>direkt\"]\n    J2 -->|\"━ Anschluss\"| BS2[\"🔌 Übergabestation B\u003Cbr\u002F>Wärmetauscher\"]\n    J2 -->|\"━ Anschluss\"| BS3[\"🔌 Übergabestation C\u003Cbr\u002F>Booster-WP\"]\n\n    BS1 -.versorgt.-> B1[\"🏠 Gebäude\"]\n    BS2 -.versorgt.-> B2[\"🏠 Gebäude\"]\n    BS3 -.versorgt.-> B3[\"🏠 Gebäude\"]\n\n    EC -.- HS1[\"🔥 Wärmepumpe\"]\n    EC -.- HS2[\"🔥 Gaskessel\"]\n    HS1 -.Kältequelle.-> BF[\"🌍 Erdsondenfeld\"]\n\n    classDef ec fill:#ffccbc,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef bs fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:2px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef cp fill:#ffffff,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef pipe fill:#ffab91,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef src fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n    classDef bldg fill:#a5d6a7,stroke:#1b5e20,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#1b5e20\n    classDef bf fill:#d7ccc8,stroke:#3e2723,stroke-width:2px,color:#3e2723\n\n    class EC ec\n    class BS1,BS2,BS3 bs\n    class J1,J2 cp\n    class ECC pipe\n    class HS1,HS2 src\n    class B1,B2,B3 bldg\n    class BF bf\n",[1652,2757,2758,2762,2767,2772,2777,2782,2787,2792,2797,2801,2806,2811,2816,2820,2825,2830,2835,2839,2843,2847,2851,2856,2861,2866,2870,2875,2880,2886,2891,2897,2903,2909],{"__ignoreMap":123},[1655,2759,2760],{"class":1657,"line":1658},[1655,2761,1833],{},[1655,2763,2764],{"class":1657,"line":1664},[1655,2765,2766],{},"    EC[\"⚙️ Energiezentrale\u003Cbr\u002F>WP + Kessel\"]\n",[1655,2768,2769],{"class":1657,"line":1670},[1655,2770,2771],{},"    EC --> ECC[\"━━ EZ-Anschluss\"]\n",[1655,2773,2774],{"class":1657,"line":1677},[1655,2775,2776],{},"    ECC --> J1[\"● Verzweigung 1\"]\n",[1655,2778,2779],{"class":1657,"line":1683},[1655,2780,2781],{},"    J1 ===|\"━━ Hauptleitung\"| J2[\"● Verzweigung 2\"]\n",[1655,2783,2784],{"class":1657,"line":1689},[1655,2785,2786],{},"    J1 -->|\"━ Anschluss\"| BS1[\"🔌 Übergabestation A\u003Cbr\u002F>direkt\"]\n",[1655,2788,2789],{"class":1657,"line":1694},[1655,2790,2791],{},"    J2 -->|\"━ Anschluss\"| BS2[\"🔌 Übergabestation B\u003Cbr\u002F>Wärmetauscher\"]\n",[1655,2793,2794],{"class":1657,"line":1700},[1655,2795,2796],{},"    J2 -->|\"━ Anschluss\"| BS3[\"🔌 Übergabestation C\u003Cbr\u002F>Booster-WP\"]\n",[1655,2798,2799],{"class":1657,"line":1706},[1655,2800,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2802,2803],{"class":1657,"line":1712},[1655,2804,2805],{},"    BS1 -.versorgt.-> B1[\"🏠 Gebäude\"]\n",[1655,2807,2808],{"class":1657,"line":1718},[1655,2809,2810],{},"    BS2 -.versorgt.-> B2[\"🏠 Gebäude\"]\n",[1655,2812,2813],{"class":1657,"line":1723},[1655,2814,2815],{},"    BS3 -.versorgt.-> B3[\"🏠 Gebäude\"]\n",[1655,2817,2818],{"class":1657,"line":1729},[1655,2819,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2821,2822],{"class":1657,"line":1735},[1655,2823,2824],{},"    EC -.- HS1[\"🔥 Wärmepumpe\"]\n",[1655,2826,2827],{"class":1657,"line":1741},[1655,2828,2829],{},"    EC -.- HS2[\"🔥 Gaskessel\"]\n",[1655,2831,2832],{"class":1657,"line":1747},[1655,2833,2834],{},"    HS1 -.Kältequelle.-> BF[\"🌍 Erdsondenfeld\"]\n",[1655,2836,2837],{"class":1657,"line":1753},[1655,2838,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2840,2841],{"class":1657,"line":1758},[1655,2842,1885],{},[1655,2844,2845],{"class":1657,"line":1764},[1655,2846,1890],{},[1655,2848,2849],{"class":1657,"line":1770},[1655,2850,1895],{},[1655,2852,2853],{"class":1657,"line":1776},[1655,2854,2855],{},"    classDef pipe fill:#ffab91,stroke:#bf360c,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,2857,2858],{"class":1657,"line":1782},[1655,2859,2860],{},"    classDef src fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ED6000,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#bf360c\n",[1655,2862,2863],{"class":1657,"line":2446},[1655,2864,2865],{},"    classDef bldg fill:#a5d6a7,stroke:#1b5e20,stroke-width:1.5px,color:#1b5e20\n",[1655,2867,2868],{"class":1657,"line":2452},[1655,2869,2581],{},[1655,2871,2873],{"class":1657,"line":2872},25,[1655,2874,1674],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1673},[1655,2876,2878],{"class":1657,"line":2877},26,[1655,2879,1908],{},[1655,2881,2883],{"class":1657,"line":2882},27,[1655,2884,2885],{},"    class BS1,BS2,BS3 bs\n",[1655,2887,2889],{"class":1657,"line":2888},28,[1655,2890,2121],{},[1655,2892,2894],{"class":1657,"line":2893},29,[1655,2895,2896],{},"    class ECC pipe\n",[1655,2898,2900],{"class":1657,"line":2899},30,[1655,2901,2902],{},"    class HS1,HS2 src\n",[1655,2904,2906],{"class":1657,"line":2905},31,[1655,2907,2908],{},"    class B1,B2,B3 bldg\n",[1655,2910,2912],{"class":1657,"line":2911},32,[1655,2913,2608],{},[1614,2915,2916],{},"Die Teile hier sind alles, was Sie für einen ersten Entwurf brauchen:",[1790,2918,2919,2922,2925,2928],{},[1793,2920,2921],{},"Eine Topologie, die sagt, wo Wärme in das Netz eintritt und es verlässt.",[1793,2923,2924],{},"Drei Typen von Übergabestationen, repräsentativ für das, was Sie in einem realen Quartier mit gemischtem Gebäudebestand sehen würden.",[1793,2926,2927],{},"Ein Wärmequellenportfolio, das dem Dispatcher die Wahl lässt zwischen einer Wärmepumpe mit niedrigen Grenzkosten (durch die Leistung begrenzt) und einem Kessel mit höheren Grenzkosten, der die Spitzen übernimmt.",[1793,2929,2930],{},"Ein Erdsondenfeld, das den COP der Wärmepumpe an die Untergrundtemperatur und an die von Ihnen vorgesehene Regeneration koppelt.",[1629,2932,2934],{"id":2933},"wie-es-weitergeht","Wie es weitergeht",[1790,2936,2937,2942,2947,2952,2957,2962],{},[1793,2938,2939,2941],{},[1621,2940,1807],{"href":1431}," — wie Vor-\u002FRücklauftemperaturen die Wahl von Übergabestation und Quelle prägen.",[1793,2943,2944,2946],{},[1621,2945,647],{"href":1446}," — wie Leitungen aus dem Spitzendurchfluss dimensioniert werden.",[1793,2948,2949,2951],{},[1621,2950,652],{"href":1451}," — was die zeitschrittweise Simulation tatsächlich berechnet.",[1793,2953,2954,2956],{},[1621,2955,2499],{"href":1456}," — wie Wärme an einer Energiezentrale auf die Quellen verteilt wird.",[1793,2958,2959,2961],{},[1621,2960,662],{"href":1461}," — Dimensionierung, Regeneration und das Untergrundmodell.",[1793,2963,2964,2966],{},[1621,2965,622],{"href":1421}," — wie sich Kosten auf Quellen- und Netzebene zum Finanzbericht verbinden.",[2968,2969,2970],"style",{},"html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: 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